Nature Communications:神奇的预言家,“肠道菌群”竟然能预测你的死亡风险

2021-05-18 生物世界 生物世界

近日,芬兰图尔库大学、芬兰卫生与福利研究所以及一个国际研究小组在《Nature Communications》杂志上发表了一篇题为Taxonomic signatures of cause-speci

肠道菌群是定居在我们身体里的众多微小居民,不仅被称为人体的“清道夫”,还是神奇的预言家。

近日,芬兰图尔库大学、芬兰卫生与福利研究所以及一个国际研究小组在《Nature Communications》杂志上发表了一篇题为Taxonomic signatures of cause-specific mortality risk in human gutmicrobiome的文章,研究发现肠道菌群可以对人类的死亡风险进行预测。

据悉,这项最新的试验是迄今为止世界上规模最大的人口水平研究,同时也首次获得了肠道菌群可能对人体健康有长期影响的大数据。研究人员分析了参加FINRISK 2002健康调查的7211名成年人的粪便微生物组成,并对参与者进行长达15年的随访。

与此同时,研究人员开发出了一种机器学习算法,该算法可以在样本采集后的20年间,筛选出与死亡率显着关联的微生物物种数据。

研究样品和肠道微生物组特征

研究人员对参与者的粪便进行α和β多样性、丰富度、相似性分析,比较了在人体肠道菌群中提取的数十亿条DNA后,发现α多样性与死亡风险无显着相关性,但β多样性与死亡风险之间检测到了可靠且显着的关联信号,与此同时,研究人员还发现物种丰度矩阵(PC3)的第三个主要成分与全因死亡率风险紧密相关。

主要成分和死亡风险

随后,研究人员在针对特定疾病与死亡风险进行主成分分析后,发现肠杆菌科的细菌丰富度和PC3的增加与胃肠道疾病、呼吸道疾病导致的致死率有着紧密的联系,同时中心对数比变换(CLR)的肠杆菌科总丰度与肝脏疾病也有相关性。

肠杆菌科细菌的丰度与特定病因死亡率之间的关系

事实上,早在2020年初Science期刊网站就曾以bioRxiv和medRxiv发布的两篇研究作为佐证,指出我们体内的肠道菌群比我们自己的基因更能揭示疾病的存在,甚至可以预测我们在未来15年内的死亡风险。

在bioRxiv发布的这篇研究中,研究人员分析了肠道微生物的基因组与13种常见疾病之间的联系,发现在区分健康人和患病人方面,肠道微生物的预测能力要比全基因组强20%。在预测某人是否患有结肠直肠癌方面,肠道微生物的预测能力要比全基因组研究强50%。

而另一项medRxiv发布的研究则分析了微生物组与人体寿命之间的关联,提出拥有大量肠杆菌科菌种(包括大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌在内的潜在感染性细菌)的个体在15年内死亡风险的可能性要比正常个体高15%。

总而言之,这项新研究成果为肠道微生物与健康的相关性提供了进一步的证据,有利于深入分析人体肠道菌群与人口老龄化与常见疾病之间的特定联系。但由于目前尚无肠道菌群组成与死亡风险相关性的前瞻性数据,仅能证明微生物组可用于评估死亡风险以及潜在的疾病风险。故仍然需要进一步的研究来评估何种微生物可预测何种疾病。

原始出处:

Salosensaari, A., Laitinen, V., Havulinna, A.S. et al. Taxonomic signatures of cause-specific mortality risk in human gut microbiome. Nat Commun 12, 2671 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-22962-y.

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    2021-11-17 moyanju2796

    好文。

    0

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    2021-12-25 liuli5079
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    2021-10-08 liye789132251
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    2021-05-25 ms5000001863680277

    学习了!#学习#

    0

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