Nat Commun:基于微生物群的标志物预测艰难梭菌感染

2021-04-18 haibei MedSci原创

最近,研究人员在一项前瞻性的90天队列研究中,分析了抗生素治疗前后和腹泻发病时CDI风险增加的住院患者的肠道微生物群。

艰难梭菌是引起抗生素相关性感染性腹泻(AAD)最常见的原因,也是世界范围内造成医疗相关感染最多的病原体。艰难梭菌感染(CDI)的特点是水样便,伴有毒素介导的肠道炎症,主要风险因素包括住院、年龄、毒性艰难梭菌的定植,最重要的是抗生素暴露,其中氟喹诺酮类(FQNs)、克林霉素类、碳青霉烯类、头孢菌素类和青霉素类与β-内酰胺酶抑制剂(PBLs)的联合使用与CDI风险增加有关。

然而,目前预测CDI或AAD发展的标志物还缺乏。这样的标志物可用于将患者分层为不同的风险类别,并富集参与临床试验的患者人群,评估对CDI的预防措施或治疗方法。

CDI患者以及其他形式的AAD患者的肠道微生物群被破坏,其特点是多样性降低,肠球菌水平升高,同时在疾病期间,Bacteroidetes门、Lachnospiraceae和Ruminococcaceae家族成员,以及Prevotella属的水平降低。16S rRNA基因图谱提供了一个有用的方法,来研究微生物组成的变化。更重要的是,它可能允许识别预测CDI发展风险的微生物标志物。识别预测CDI的标志物有助于指导治疗和降低感染负担。

最近,研究人员在一项前瞻性的90天队列研究中,分析了抗生素治疗前后和腹泻发病时CDI风险增加的住院患者的肠道微生物群。结果表明,与非CDI患者相比,CDI患者在接受抗生素治疗前已经表现出明显的微生物多样性降低,并表现出明显的富含肠球菌而缺乏反刍球菌、布氏菌、普氏菌和双歧杆菌的微生物群特征。

研究中的病人和样本流程图

研究人员还发现,抗生素治疗引起的菌群失调是类特异性的,β-内酰胺类药物进一步增加了肠球菌的丰度。

该研究结果在一个独立的CDI前瞻性患者队列中得到验证,可用于在前瞻性临床试验中富集高风险患者,并开发基于微生物群的预测性诊断方法,用于管理CDI风险患者。

 

原始出处:

Matilda Berkell et al. Microbiota-based markers predictive of development of Clostridioides difficile infection. Nature Communications (2021). 

 

 

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    2021-05-28 liuli5079
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    2021-12-29 智慧医人
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    2021-04-18 lmelody

    学习了

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