JAMA 子刊:老年晚期慢性肾病患者高剂量氟喹诺酮治疗与严重不良事件的关系

2022-08-10 liangying MedSci原创

老年晚期CKD患者服用高于推荐剂量的氟喹诺酮明显更有可能出现神经系统和/或精神疾病、低血糖或胶原蛋白相关事件的复合结果。

氟喹诺酮类药物是全世界最常用的广谱抗生素之一。2018年美国有670万张环丙沙星处方和380万张左氧氟沙星处方。氟喹诺酮类药物的使用与许多罕见但严重的不良事件相关,这些风险已在基于人群的研究以及随机临床试验和观察性研究的荟萃分析中报道。美国食品和药物管理局(FDA)发布了几个关于氟喹诺酮使用风险的黑盒警告。鉴于其潜在的危害性,氟喹诺酮类药物通常用于治疗更严重的细菌感染,其益处明显大于风险。

本研究的目的是量化晚期CKD患者因神经系统和/或精神疾病、低血糖或胶原相关事件就诊的14天风险,并将新开高剂量氟喹诺酮与低剂量氟喹诺酮进行比较。

这项在加拿大安大略省进行的基于人群的队列研究(2008年1月1日至2020年3月17日)使用了相关的医疗保健数据,以确定氟喹诺酮类抗生素的新使用者。参与者包括66岁或以上患有晚期CKD的成年人(估计肾小球滤过率[eGFR]<30ml/min/1.73m2,但未接受透析)。数据分析于2021年1月1日至4月30日进行。

主要转归是14天内因神经系统和/或精神疾病、低血糖或胶原蛋白相关事件就诊的风险。次要结果包括因败血症入院、视网膜脱离或其他肌腱疾病、全因住院、全因死亡率和心脏性猝死。治疗加权倾向评分的反概率被用来平衡对照组的基线健康状况。分别用修正泊松回归和二项回归得到加权风险比和风险差异。

研究最后共纳入11917名患者(中位年龄83岁[IQR,77-89岁];7438名女性[62.4%];中位eGFR,25[IQR,21-28]mL/min/1.73 m2),5482名患者(46.0%)接受了较高剂量的氟喹诺酮,6435名患者(54.0%)服用了较低剂量的氟奎诺酮。加权后,5482名接受高剂量氟喹诺酮治疗的患者中有68名(1.2%)出现了主要的复合结果——神经系统和/或精神疾病、低血糖或胶原相关事件的住院,5516名接受低剂量氟喹诺酮治疗的病人中有47名(0.9%)出现了这些结果。两组之间败血症、视网膜脱离、全因住院、全因死亡率和心源性猝死的风险无显著差异。

老年晚期慢性肾病患者在开始使用高剂量氟喹诺酮与低剂量氟喹诺酮的新处方14天内的主要和次要结局风险

这些发现表明,老年晚期CKD患者服用高于推荐剂量的氟喹诺酮明显更有可能出现神经系统和/或精神疾病、低血糖或胶原蛋白相关事件的复合结果,尽管这些事件的绝对风险小于2%。

参考文献:Muanda FT, Sood MM, Weir MA, et al. Association of Higher-Dose Fluoroquinolone Therapy With Serious Adverse Events in Older Adults With Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease. JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(8):e2224892. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.24892

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    2022-09-19 amy0550
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    2022-08-09 肿瘤克星

    JAMA上文章都是顶级的,谢谢梅斯及时上新

    0

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