NEJM:与死神赛跑!超快速基因测序助力重症神经系统感染诊断

2019-06-16 苏煜静 生物探索

如今,美国加州大学旧金山分校的研究人员研发出一项名为宏基因组新一代测序(mNGS)用于诊断急性神经系统炎症,该技术被证明可以比任何标准临床方法更好地识别感染。

面对急性神经系统炎症,医生总是需要跟死神赛跑!

然而,传统的检测方式并不具有竞争优势!

如今,美国加州大学旧金山分校的研究人员研发出一项名为宏基因组新一代测序(mNGS)用于诊断急性神经系统炎症,该技术被证明可以比任何标准临床方法更好地识别感染

这项研究发表在《New England Journal of Medicine》杂志上。该研究招募了204名急性神经系统炎症住院的患者,患有脑膜炎、脑炎或者脊髓炎,但都没有得到最终的确凿诊断。mNGS测试提供了一种无偏检测的方法,能够识别患者脊髓液中几乎所有可能的病原体,包括细菌、病毒、真菌和寄生虫,这为医生提供明确的治疗方向,同时节约了大量的时间。

加州大学旧金山分校的医学博士Charles Chiu说:“美国各地的医院,半数急性脑膜炎和脑炎病例的感染原因都没有得到很好的诊断,而这些病情严重的病人急需一种更好的检测工具。”

要知道,只有不到一半的脑膜炎和脑炎病例是由感染引起的,其余大多数是自身免疫反应的结果。这两种情况需要不同的治疗方法,因此医生首先需要知道患者患有哪种炎症性疾病。因而,mNGS技术所带来的快速诊断对于指导急性感染患者的治疗可以说是不可或缺的。

应用这项测试,研究人员发现了19种能通过传统检测方法检测出的感染,但同时也发现了13种通过传统检测未能发现的感染,比如一例由罕见圣路易斯脑炎病毒感染的病例。在全部参与者中,31名患者被确诊感染了急性神经系统炎症,他们携带了32种不同感染。

然而,这测试也并不完美,仍有26种感染无法被诊断出来。这主要是由于这些病原体DNA在脊髓液中不存在,因此需要对不同的样本(如脑脓肿组织)进行分析,或使用间接检测方法(如抗体检测)才能诊断。

原始出处:
Michael R. Wilson, et al. Clinical Metagenomic Sequencing for Diagnosis of Meningitis and Encephalitis. New England Journal of Medicine. Jun 2019.

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    2019-06-17 坚强007

    向科研人员致敬!

    0

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    2019-06-16 旺医

    顶刊就是顶刊,谢谢梅斯带来这么高水平的研究报道,我们科里同事经常看梅斯,分享梅斯上的信息

    0