Clin Pharmacol Ther:血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂与胰岛素促泌剂同时使用与严重低血糖的风险

2022-09-18 从医路漫漫 MedSci原创

血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂(ACEIs)被广泛用于心血管疾病,包括高血压和心力衰竭。

背景:胰岛素促分泌素是一种口服降糖药,包括磺脲类药物和二甲双胍,通过刺激胰腺释放胰岛素来降低血糖水平。尽管这些药物被广泛用于二型糖尿病,但与其使用相关的严重低血糖(尤其是磺酰脲类药物)是所有药物不良事件中最常见、最具临床意义且可预防的。血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂(ACEIs)被广泛用于心血管疾病,包括高血压和心力衰竭。这是糖尿病患者中最常见的共病,对于高血压和有糖尿病病史的患者,并减缓糖尿病患者肾功能损害的进展。有病例报告和嵌套病例对照研究表明,ACEIs与磺脲类或其他口服抗糖尿病药物合用可能会增加低血糖事件的风险。建议的潜在机制涉及ACEI增强胰岛素敏感性和葡萄糖处置率。在一些广泛使用的药物药典中,ACEI和磺脲类药物合用的低血糖风险被列为潜在的药物相互作用(DDI ), 这种药物对属于最常见的基于中断药物类别的DDI警报组。

目的:我们研究了与不同时使用ACEI的胰岛素促分泌素相比,同时使用ACEI的胰岛素促分泌素是否与严重低血糖发生率增加有关。

方法:我们采用自身对照的病例系列设计和来自美国5个州的与1999年至2011年的医疗保险索赔相关的医疗补助索赔数据,调查了接受胰岛素促分泌素治疗的患者中严重低血糖与同时使用ACEIs之间的关系。感兴趣的暴露是在胰岛素促分泌素或二甲双胍(阴性对照药物)发作期间的ACEIs活性处方。主要结果是严重低血糖的住院表现,由住院和急诊科索赔中的出院诊断代码确定(阳性预测值约为78-89%)。

结果:我们使用条件泊松回归计算了ACEI暴露时间与ACEI未暴露时间之间结果发生的混杂因素调整比率(RRs)和95%置信区间(CIs)。在格列吡嗪的观察期间,ACEIs的相对危险度在统计学上没有升高(相对危险度,1.06;CI,0.98-1.15),格列本脲(RR,1.05;CI,0.961.15),瑞格列奈(RR,1.15;CI,0.94-1.41),或二甲双胍(RR,1.02;CI,0.97-1.06);但服用格列美脲后有所升高(RR,1.23;可信区间为1.11-1.37),而那格列奈使其适度降低(相对危险度为0.73;CI,0.56-0.96)。

表1.按目标药物分类的研究样本的特征

图1.研究样本的识别(脚注)对象药物特定的研究样本被分开构建。括号中标明了目标药物(格列美脲、格列吡嗪、格列本脲、那格列奈、瑞格列奈和二甲双胍)。

图2.使用胰岛素促分泌剂或二甲双胍与不使用伴随的血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂的严重低血糖发生率比率(脚注)CI:可信区间(基于双尾检验)。*沉淀剂暴露时间:自开始同时使用沉淀剂药物(血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂)后观察期间同时使用的天数。†率比:[(接触沉淀剂时间的结局发生率)/(接触沉淀剂时间的结局发生率)];混杂因素调整。

结论:结果的总体模式并不表明ACEIs与胰岛素促分泌素一起使用与严重低血糖发生率增加相关,格列美脲除外。

原文出处:Hee Nam Y,  Brensinger CM,  Bilker WB,Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors Used Concomitantly with Insulin Secretagogues and the Risk of Serious Hypoglycemia.Clin Pharmacol Ther 2022 01;111(1) 

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createdName=jj000001, createdTime=Thu Aug 31 03:18:40 CST 2023, time=2023-08-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1788511, encodeId=f8531e8851173, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=38e014162e2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Pharmacol#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14162, encryptionId=38e014162e2, topicName=Pharmacol)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=930e243, createdName=dingxiaobo, createdTime=Sat Sep 17 05:18:40 CST 2022, time=2022-09-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1996516, encodeId=40e71996516fc, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ed881120ec8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#MAC#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11207, encryptionId=ed881120ec8, topicName=MAC)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4b65161, createdName=yb6560, createdTime=Fri Jan 13 17:18:40 CST 2023, time=2023-01-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1908742, encodeId=39c71908e4296, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a8d0141605e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#pharma#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14160, encryptionId=a8d0141605e, topicName=pharma)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f634250, createdName=chentianping, createdTime=Wed May 03 14:18:40 CST 2023, time=2023-05-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1685722, encodeId=f8721685e2261, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f05d21150d1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#严重低血糖#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=42, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=21150, encryptionId=f05d21150d1, topicName=严重低血糖)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=fc1428252752, createdName=fmq_28614562, createdTime=Sat Dec 31 01:18:40 CST 2022, time=2022-12-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1853055, encodeId=50381853055b1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f0a254918f0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#抑制剂#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=54918, encryptionId=f0a254918f0, topicName=抑制剂)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=44a360, createdName=jklm09, createdTime=Fri Mar 24 19:18:40 CST 2023, time=2023-03-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1570543, encodeId=887f15e054371, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d61589e628c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=89762, encryptionId=d61589e628c, topicName=血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c0c615671800, createdName=chaojitidian, createdTime=Sun Sep 18 02:18:40 CST 2022, time=2022-09-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1589377, encodeId=475a15893e775, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fb0389e4373' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#血管紧张素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=89743, encryptionId=fb0389e4373, topicName=血管紧张素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=5ce517702394, createdName=xiongliangxl, createdTime=Sun Sep 18 02:18:40 CST 2022, time=2022-09-18, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2023-01-13 yb6560
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1750343, encodeId=75711e503431a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=be7c8385345' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#胰岛#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=83853, encryptionId=be7c8385345, topicName=胰岛)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=a7a536274692, createdName=baoya, createdTime=Wed Jul 12 16:18:40 CST 2023, time=2023-07-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1787839, encodeId=8feb1e8783910, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fa03141591e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Pharm#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=51, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14159, encryptionId=fa03141591e, topicName=Pharm)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8942242, createdName=jj000001, createdTime=Thu Aug 31 03:18:40 CST 2023, time=2023-08-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1788511, encodeId=f8531e8851173, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=38e014162e2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Pharmacol#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14162, encryptionId=38e014162e2, topicName=Pharmacol)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=930e243, createdName=dingxiaobo, createdTime=Sat Sep 17 05:18:40 CST 2022, time=2022-09-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1996516, encodeId=40e71996516fc, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ed881120ec8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#MAC#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11207, encryptionId=ed881120ec8, topicName=MAC)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4b65161, createdName=yb6560, createdTime=Fri Jan 13 17:18:40 CST 2023, time=2023-01-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1908742, encodeId=39c71908e4296, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a8d0141605e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#pharma#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14160, encryptionId=a8d0141605e, topicName=pharma)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f634250, createdName=chentianping, createdTime=Wed May 03 14:18:40 CST 2023, time=2023-05-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1685722, encodeId=f8721685e2261, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f05d21150d1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#严重低血糖#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=42, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=21150, encryptionId=f05d21150d1, topicName=严重低血糖)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=fc1428252752, createdName=fmq_28614562, createdTime=Sat Dec 31 01:18:40 CST 2022, time=2022-12-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1853055, encodeId=50381853055b1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f0a254918f0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#抑制剂#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=54918, encryptionId=f0a254918f0, topicName=抑制剂)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=44a360, createdName=jklm09, createdTime=Fri Mar 24 19:18:40 CST 2023, time=2023-03-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1570543, encodeId=887f15e054371, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d61589e628c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=89762, encryptionId=d61589e628c, topicName=血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c0c615671800, createdName=chaojitidian, createdTime=Sun Sep 18 02:18:40 CST 2022, time=2022-09-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1589377, encodeId=475a15893e775, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fb0389e4373' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#血管紧张素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=89743, encryptionId=fb0389e4373, topicName=血管紧张素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=5ce517702394, createdName=xiongliangxl, createdTime=Sun Sep 18 02:18:40 CST 2022, time=2022-09-18, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1750343, encodeId=75711e503431a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=be7c8385345' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#胰岛#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=83853, encryptionId=be7c8385345, topicName=胰岛)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=a7a536274692, createdName=baoya, createdTime=Wed Jul 12 16:18:40 CST 2023, time=2023-07-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1787839, encodeId=8feb1e8783910, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fa03141591e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Pharm#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=51, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14159, encryptionId=fa03141591e, topicName=Pharm)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8942242, createdName=jj000001, createdTime=Thu Aug 31 03:18:40 CST 2023, time=2023-08-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1788511, encodeId=f8531e8851173, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=38e014162e2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Pharmacol#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14162, encryptionId=38e014162e2, topicName=Pharmacol)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=930e243, createdName=dingxiaobo, createdTime=Sat Sep 17 05:18:40 CST 2022, time=2022-09-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1996516, encodeId=40e71996516fc, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ed881120ec8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#MAC#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11207, encryptionId=ed881120ec8, topicName=MAC)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4b65161, createdName=yb6560, createdTime=Fri Jan 13 17:18:40 CST 2023, time=2023-01-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1908742, encodeId=39c71908e4296, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a8d0141605e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#pharma#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14160, encryptionId=a8d0141605e, topicName=pharma)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f634250, createdName=chentianping, createdTime=Wed May 03 14:18:40 CST 2023, time=2023-05-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1685722, encodeId=f8721685e2261, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f05d21150d1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#严重低血糖#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=42, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=21150, encryptionId=f05d21150d1, topicName=严重低血糖)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=fc1428252752, createdName=fmq_28614562, createdTime=Sat Dec 31 01:18:40 CST 2022, time=2022-12-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1853055, encodeId=50381853055b1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f0a254918f0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#抑制剂#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=54918, encryptionId=f0a254918f0, topicName=抑制剂)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=44a360, createdName=jklm09, createdTime=Fri Mar 24 19:18:40 CST 2023, time=2023-03-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1570543, encodeId=887f15e054371, content=<a 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02:18:40 CST 2022, time=2022-09-18, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1750343, encodeId=75711e503431a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=be7c8385345' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#胰岛#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=83853, encryptionId=be7c8385345, topicName=胰岛)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=a7a536274692, createdName=baoya, createdTime=Wed Jul 12 16:18:40 CST 2023, time=2023-07-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1787839, encodeId=8feb1e8783910, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fa03141591e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Pharm#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=51, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14159, encryptionId=fa03141591e, topicName=Pharm)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8942242, 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encryptionId=ed881120ec8, topicName=MAC)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4b65161, createdName=yb6560, createdTime=Fri Jan 13 17:18:40 CST 2023, time=2023-01-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1908742, encodeId=39c71908e4296, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a8d0141605e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#pharma#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14160, encryptionId=a8d0141605e, topicName=pharma)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f634250, createdName=chentianping, createdTime=Wed May 03 14:18:40 CST 2023, time=2023-05-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1685722, encodeId=f8721685e2261, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f05d21150d1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#严重低血糖#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=42, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=21150, encryptionId=f05d21150d1, topicName=严重低血糖)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=fc1428252752, createdName=fmq_28614562, createdTime=Sat Dec 31 01:18:40 CST 2022, time=2022-12-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1853055, encodeId=50381853055b1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f0a254918f0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#抑制剂#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=54918, encryptionId=f0a254918f0, topicName=抑制剂)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=44a360, createdName=jklm09, createdTime=Fri Mar 24 19:18:40 CST 2023, time=2023-03-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1570543, encodeId=887f15e054371, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d61589e628c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=89762, encryptionId=d61589e628c, topicName=血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c0c615671800, createdName=chaojitidian, createdTime=Sun Sep 18 02:18:40 CST 2022, time=2022-09-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1589377, encodeId=475a15893e775, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fb0389e4373' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#血管紧张素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=89743, encryptionId=fb0389e4373, topicName=血管紧张素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=5ce517702394, createdName=xiongliangxl, createdTime=Sun Sep 18 02:18:40 CST 2022, time=2022-09-18, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2023-03-24 jklm09
  8. 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  9. 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