Diabetes Obes Metab:短期使用达格列净对1型糖尿病患者低血糖意识损害的影响

2021-11-05 从医路漫漫 MedSci原创

医源性低血糖是1型糖尿病患者胰岛素治疗最常见的急性并发症。平均而言,1型糖尿病患者每周发生两到三次低血糖事件,每年发生一次严重低血糖事件,定义为认知障碍的出现程度,需要外界帮助才能恢复。

医源性低血糖是1型糖尿病患者胰岛素治疗最常见的急性并发症。平均而言,1型糖尿病患者每周发生两到三次低血糖事件,每年发生一次严重低血糖事件,定义为认知障碍的出现程度需要外帮助才能恢复。及时认识到低血糖(典型症状)是预防严重低血糖的关键。反复性低血糖可导致其习惯性的发生,导致低血糖意识受损(IAH)综合征,影响约25%的1型糖尿病患者,这些人已经失去了及时发现低血糖的能力,从而使发生严重低血糖的风险增加了6倍。IAH的危险因素包括近期低血糖史、低C肽水平和糖尿病持续时间较长。显著的葡萄糖变异可能促进了IAH的发展和持续,可能是由低血糖发生率的增加、对复发的高血糖进行(过于积极的)或不进行纠正导致的。谨慎避免低血糖至少3周可逆转IAH。然而,通常伴随的血糖控制恶化[即糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)的上升]是这种过程的一个重要限制,在日常临床实践中,许多患者在重新加强血糖控制后又恢复正常。本文主要验证了短期使用达格列净可以提高T1 DM和IAH患者对低血糖的认识的假设。

方法:参与者首先来进行筛查,其中包括病史和标准体检(包括体重、身高、血压、脉率和周围神经病变的筛查)。采血测定糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)和血肌酐。患者被随机分配到达格列净或匹配的安慰剂组进行交叉治疗8周,两个治疗周期之间有2周的冲洗期。受试者由研究人员选择,并根据我院药剂科管理的随机名单分配给达格列净或安慰剂治疗,以确保研究设计的双盲。随机化是由计算机程序完成的,使用两个受试者的区组,以确保同等数量的参与者将开始使用达格列净或安慰剂进行治疗。在研究药物治疗开始之前,患者接受了酮体测量仪的检查,并建议如何识别(正常血糖)糖尿病酮症酸中毒的潜在症状(例如恶心、呕吐)。如果患者出现(疑似)酮症酸中毒症状,并且无论血糖水平如何,如果自测血酮读数为≥1.5mmolL,则与研究地点联系。达格列净和安慰剂胶囊每日一次,每次10毫克。在研究药物治疗开始后,指导患者将餐内胰岛素水平降低10%,以降低低血糖的风险。参与者每天四点进行血糖监测,并在研究期间记录血糖。胰岛素剂量根据血糖谱进行调整,目标是空腹和餐前血糖水平在4~7 mmol/L,而不发生低血糖。在第1周、第2周、第4周和第6周,通过电话咨询记录胰岛素剂量的适应情况和潜在的副作用。患者在他们的血糖日记中记录了任何低血糖事件,以及他们是否需要某人的帮助。在每个疗程的最后一周,受试者完成7个时间点的血糖监测,并佩戴盲式连续血糖监测仪(Dexcom G6;Dexcom Inc.,圣地亚哥,CA,美国)至少5天。在每个治疗周期结束时,参与者接受改良的高胰岛素、正常血糖和低血糖葡萄糖钳夹(葡萄糖最低点2.5 mmol/L)。在最后治疗周使用盲法连续血糖监测仪。

结果:15例T1 DM合并IAH年龄49.7±14.6岁,男性40%,病程24.1±14.2年,糖化血红蛋白7.5±0.8%(58.6±8.4 mmol/mol),达格列净治疗可显著改善糖化血红蛋白[-0.32±0.10vs0.22±0.13%(-4.1±0.9vs2.3±1.4 mmol/mol),达格列净vs安慰剂,p=0.007]和血糖变异性(标准差,2.6±0.2vs3.1±0.3 mmol/L,p=0.029),但不影响低血糖发生率。在降糖钳夹实验期间,达格列净没有影响症状反应(8.0±3.4vs5.2±1.6,p=0.31),但显著减少了维持低血糖所需的外源性葡萄糖(3.2±0.3vs4.1±0.4 mg/kg/min,p=0.022)。

图1 在高胰岛素血钳夹期间,达格列净(闭合圈)或安慰剂(开放圈)治疗后A,葡萄糖水平B,葡萄糖输注率(GIR)。Eu: 30分钟降血糖期;Hypo, 45分钟低血糖期;recovery,低血糖后的恢复期。* p < 0. 05。

图2 达格列净和安慰剂治疗期间的正常血糖(白条)和低血糖(黑条)A、自主神经和B神经糖原症状评分

图3 (A-E)使用达格列净(闭合圈)或安慰剂(开放圈)治疗后高胰岛素血症钳夹期间的反调节胰岛素水平。A,肾上腺素;B,去甲肾上腺素;C,皮质醇;D,生长激素;E,胰高血糖素。低血糖,45分钟降糖期;REC,低血糖后恢复期

结论:达格列净治疗8周并未恢复T1 DM患者的低血糖意识和低血糖意识受损,但改善了某些临床方面。

原文出处:

van Meijel LA,  Tack CJ,  de Galan BE,Effect of short-term use of dapagliflozin on impaired awareness of hypoglycaemia in people with type 1 diabetes.Diabetes Obes Metab 2021 Aug 02

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    2022-07-13 guojianrong
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1968329, encodeId=d2eb196832965, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a4b96e542' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#1型糖尿病患者#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=675, encryptionId=a4b96e542, topicName=1型糖尿病患者)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c0e3195, createdName=millore, createdTime=Tue May 24 14:01:26 CST 2022, time=2022-05-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1761740, encodeId=8b361e617408c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9bea33520d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#BET#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3352, encryptionId=9bea33520d, topicName=BET)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=9a1a37427546, createdName=ms5439512287675881, createdTime=Tue Nov 09 14:01:26 CST 2021, time=2021-11-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1888376, encodeId=da8418883e60b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d56611584ec' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Meta#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=44, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11584, encryptionId=d56611584ec, topicName=Meta)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d8f4110, createdName=guojianrong, createdTime=Wed Jul 13 18:01:26 CST 2022, time=2022-07-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1896934, encodeId=c7e41896934b9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4a391158248' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#MET#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11582, encryptionId=4a391158248, topicName=MET)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=18fc139, createdName=一闲, createdTime=Tue Jul 26 01:01:26 CST 2022, time=2022-07-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1902658, encodeId=e0f4190265889, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c097591ed5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Diabetes#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5917, encryptionId=c097591ed5, topicName=Diabetes)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0045169, createdName=木头人513, createdTime=Thu May 19 15:01:26 CST 2022, time=2022-05-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1639936, encodeId=811e163993659, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=afda591646' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#DIA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5916, encryptionId=afda591646, topicName=DIA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=987022654425, createdName=ms9608593228839890, createdTime=Fri Dec 03 15:01:26 CST 2021, time=2021-12-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1475161, encodeId=52f714e516132, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=935fe6718e3' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#糖尿病患者#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=25, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=76718, encryptionId=935fe6718e3, topicName=糖尿病患者)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a38f7243741, createdName=xue8604, createdTime=Sun Nov 07 13:01:26 CST 2021, time=2021-11-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1067538, encodeId=644e106e538f4, content=很详细的讲解,谢谢, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=65aa5643711, createdName=小白努力长高高, createdTime=Sat Nov 06 11:34:58 CST 2021, time=2021-11-06, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-07-26 一闲
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    2021-11-06 小白努力长高高

    很详细的讲解,谢谢

    0

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