Signal Transduct Target Ther :突破!向宽辉/童贻刚/周乙华/施一合作首次发现母乳可有效阻断新冠病毒感染

2020-11-26 一线 iNature

新冠病毒肺炎已成为影响人类健康和社会稳定发展的重大传染病,造成全球接近6000万人感染以及130万人死亡。多篇报道发现新冠病毒核酸可在感染新冠病毒的哺乳期妇女的乳汁中检出。

新冠病毒肺炎已成为影响人类健康和社会稳定发展的重大传染病,造成全球接近6000万人感染以及130万人死亡。多篇报道发现新冠病毒核酸可在感染新冠病毒的哺乳期妇女的乳汁中检出,引发人们对母乳喂养安全性的担忧。

2020年11月24日,北京大学基础医学院庄辉院士团队,北京化工大学童贻刚教授团队、南京鼓楼医院周乙华教授团队及中科院微生物所施一教授团队在Signal Transductionand Targeted Therapy 杂志在线发表题为“The effect of whey protein on viral infection and replication of SARS-CoV-2 and pangolin coronavirus in vitro”的研究论文,该研究首次证明母乳可以有效阻断新冠病毒对人体细胞的感染,其机制包括干扰病毒吸附和进入细胞以及抑制病毒的核酸聚合酶活性。该研究还发现,动物乳清蛋白如牛和羊乳清蛋白都具有抗新冠病毒作用,但是抑制效果明显低于人的乳清蛋白。

该研究结果提示母乳喂养对新生儿具有良好的抗新冠病毒保护作用。本文还排除了母乳抗新冠病毒作用来自于母乳中的抗体的可能性,并发现乳清蛋白还可抑制其他动物冠状病毒的感染和复制。上述研究为开发新型抗新冠病毒药物提供了新的思路。尽管本研究提示新冠肺炎患者的乳汁用于喂养婴儿可能具有一定的安全性,有必要进行相关的研究,但是本研究并没有进行这方面的测试,不能作为新冠肺炎患者用母乳直接喂养婴儿的依据。

在该研究中,研究者们首先采用新冠病毒假病毒和穿山甲冠状病毒感染Vero细胞及A549等细胞,用两年前收集保存于-80度冰箱的人类初乳进行保护试验,结果发现,初乳可明显抑制新冠病毒及穿山甲冠状病毒感染,抑制率接近100%,半数有效浓度(EC50)达到0.02mg/ml,而且初乳对细胞无毒,甚至可促进细胞生长。随后,研究者们测试了市售奶粉的抗新冠病毒作用,结果发现市售奶粉也具有良好的抗新冠病毒作用,虽然抑制效果相对较低。这提示了母乳抑制新冠病毒感染的作用具有物种普遍性。

接着,研究者们继续研究母乳能否抑制活病毒的产生。研究结果显示,母乳可有效抑制Vero细胞产生冠状病毒活病毒,而且该抑制作用具有剂量依赖性。作者利用高温及蛋白酶K进行蛋白灭活后,母乳的抑制作用明显降低,这提示母乳主要是通过其中的蛋白成分发挥抗新冠病毒作用。另外,作者测试了市售牛奶和羊奶奶粉,发现牛和羊来源的乳清蛋白也都具有明显的抗新冠病毒作用。有研究表示,乳铁蛋白是乳清蛋白中主要的抗病毒成分。本研究发现,乳铁蛋白虽然有一定的抗新冠病毒效果,但是其抑制效率较低,提示母乳中其他的蛋白成分发挥主要的抗新冠病毒作用。

文章模式图

母乳中所含丰富的抗体成分可能具有中和病毒的作用,为了排除母乳中可能存在的IgA抗体交叉反应对新冠病毒感染的影响,研究者们用抗-IgA抗体来中和母乳中的IgA抗体,结果发现抗-IgA抗体并不影响母乳抑制病毒的作用,提示母乳中IgA抗体并母乳中抑制新冠病毒的主要成分。

为进一步阐明乳清蛋白抑制新冠病毒的机制,研究者们分别在病毒感染的不同阶段采用乳清蛋白进行干预,结果发现乳清蛋白可以抑制病毒的吸附及进入细胞,并且可以通过抑制病毒的RNA聚合酶活性进而抑制病毒复制。

总之,该研究揭示了母乳具有高效抗新冠病毒感染的能力。这种抑制能力主要通过抑制病毒的吸附、进入细胞及抑制病毒RNA聚合酶发挥作用。该发现为母乳喂养及开发新型抗新冠病毒药物提供了新的依据。尽管本研究提示新冠肺炎患者的乳汁用于喂养婴儿可能具有一定的安全性,有必要进行相关的研究,但是本研究并没有进行这方面的测试,不能作为新冠肺炎患者用母乳直接喂养婴儿的依据。

本研究主要由庄辉院士团队与童贻刚教授团队、周乙华教授团队、施一教授团队合作完成。北京大学基础医学院庄辉团队向宽辉副研究员、北京化工大学童贻刚教授、南京鼓楼医院周乙华教授为该论文的共同通讯作者。童贻刚团队范华昊副教授、洪碧霞(硕士研究生)、周乙华团队骆予倩副研究员、施一团队彭齐(博士研究生)为本文的共同第一作者。本研究还得到中国食品药品检定研究院王佑春研究员和黄维金研究员提供新冠病毒假病毒的帮助。

原始出处:
Huahao Fan, Bixia Hong, Yuqian Luo, et al.The effect of whey protein on viral infection and replication of SARS-CoV-2 and pangolin coronavirus in vitro.Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2020 Nov 24;5(1):275. doi: 10.1038/s41392-020-00408-z.

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    2020-12-16 bsmagic9140
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    2021-07-27 闆锋旦
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1710265, encodeId=87aa1e10265a3, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7ac59e67604' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#阻断#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=97676, encryptionId=7ac59e67604, topicName=阻断)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=b5ca31824852, createdName=41514497@qq.com, createdTime=Sat Dec 12 07:16:26 CST 2020, time=2020-12-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1657384, encodeId=6a88165e384c8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3ca31e71903' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#TRA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17719, encryptionId=3ca31e71903, topicName=TRA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=757b24868428, createdName=bsmagic9140, createdTime=Wed Dec 16 09:16:26 CST 2020, time=2020-12-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1795513, encodeId=154f1e955137b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=248e1e1345b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#target#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17134, encryptionId=248e1e1345b, topicName=target)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8409354, createdName=闆锋旦, createdTime=Tue Jul 27 22:16:26 CST 2021, time=2021-07-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1794028, encodeId=b9261e940288f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7b3d1630617' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Signal#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=16306, encryptionId=7b3d1630617, topicName=Signal)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=102a153, createdName=yaanren, createdTime=Thu Jun 17 13:16:26 CST 2021, time=2021-06-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2036214, encodeId=69af2036214aa, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ae7816304dc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Sign#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=16304, encryptionId=ae7816304dc, topicName=Sign)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e9ed371, createdName=楚秀娟, createdTime=Wed May 26 03:16:26 CST 2021, time=2021-05-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1299632, encodeId=ac36129963295, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7a056349485' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#母乳#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=63494, encryptionId=7a056349485, topicName=母乳)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bf1b289, createdName=villahu, createdTime=Sat Nov 28 08:16:26 CST 2020, time=2020-11-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1028819, encodeId=da9c102881901, content=新冠肺炎,疫情何时才能消失, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=公卫新人, createdTime=Thu Nov 26 20:16:26 CST 2020, time=2020-11-26, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-06-17 yaanren
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1710265, encodeId=87aa1e10265a3, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7ac59e67604' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#阻断#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=97676, encryptionId=7ac59e67604, topicName=阻断)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=b5ca31824852, createdName=41514497@qq.com, createdTime=Sat Dec 12 07:16:26 CST 2020, time=2020-12-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1657384, encodeId=6a88165e384c8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3ca31e71903' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#TRA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17719, encryptionId=3ca31e71903, topicName=TRA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=757b24868428, createdName=bsmagic9140, createdTime=Wed Dec 16 09:16:26 CST 2020, time=2020-12-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1795513, encodeId=154f1e955137b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=248e1e1345b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#target#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17134, encryptionId=248e1e1345b, topicName=target)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8409354, createdName=闆锋旦, createdTime=Tue Jul 27 22:16:26 CST 2021, time=2021-07-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1794028, encodeId=b9261e940288f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7b3d1630617' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Signal#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=16306, encryptionId=7b3d1630617, topicName=Signal)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=102a153, createdName=yaanren, createdTime=Thu Jun 17 13:16:26 CST 2021, time=2021-06-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2036214, encodeId=69af2036214aa, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ae7816304dc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Sign#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=16304, encryptionId=ae7816304dc, topicName=Sign)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e9ed371, createdName=楚秀娟, createdTime=Wed May 26 03:16:26 CST 2021, time=2021-05-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1299632, encodeId=ac36129963295, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7a056349485' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#母乳#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=63494, encryptionId=7a056349485, topicName=母乳)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bf1b289, createdName=villahu, createdTime=Sat Nov 28 08:16:26 CST 2020, time=2020-11-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1028819, encodeId=da9c102881901, content=新冠肺炎,疫情何时才能消失, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=公卫新人, createdTime=Thu Nov 26 20:16:26 CST 2020, time=2020-11-26, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-05-26 楚秀娟
  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1710265, encodeId=87aa1e10265a3, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7ac59e67604' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#阻断#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=97676, encryptionId=7ac59e67604, topicName=阻断)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=b5ca31824852, createdName=41514497@qq.com, createdTime=Sat Dec 12 07:16:26 CST 2020, time=2020-12-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1657384, encodeId=6a88165e384c8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3ca31e71903' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#TRA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17719, encryptionId=3ca31e71903, topicName=TRA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=757b24868428, createdName=bsmagic9140, createdTime=Wed Dec 16 09:16:26 CST 2020, time=2020-12-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1795513, encodeId=154f1e955137b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=248e1e1345b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#target#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17134, encryptionId=248e1e1345b, topicName=target)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8409354, createdName=闆锋旦, createdTime=Tue Jul 27 22:16:26 CST 2021, time=2021-07-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1794028, encodeId=b9261e940288f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7b3d1630617' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Signal#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=16306, encryptionId=7b3d1630617, topicName=Signal)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=102a153, createdName=yaanren, createdTime=Thu Jun 17 13:16:26 CST 2021, time=2021-06-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2036214, encodeId=69af2036214aa, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ae7816304dc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Sign#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=16304, encryptionId=ae7816304dc, topicName=Sign)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e9ed371, createdName=楚秀娟, createdTime=Wed May 26 03:16:26 CST 2021, time=2021-05-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1299632, encodeId=ac36129963295, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7a056349485' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#母乳#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=63494, encryptionId=7a056349485, topicName=母乳)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bf1b289, createdName=villahu, createdTime=Sat Nov 28 08:16:26 CST 2020, time=2020-11-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1028819, encodeId=da9c102881901, content=新冠肺炎,疫情何时才能消失, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=公卫新人, createdTime=Thu Nov 26 20:16:26 CST 2020, time=2020-11-26, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-11-28 villahu
  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1710265, encodeId=87aa1e10265a3, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7ac59e67604' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#阻断#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=97676, encryptionId=7ac59e67604, topicName=阻断)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=b5ca31824852, createdName=41514497@qq.com, createdTime=Sat Dec 12 07:16:26 CST 2020, time=2020-12-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1657384, encodeId=6a88165e384c8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3ca31e71903' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#TRA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17719, encryptionId=3ca31e71903, topicName=TRA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=757b24868428, createdName=bsmagic9140, createdTime=Wed Dec 16 09:16:26 CST 2020, time=2020-12-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1795513, encodeId=154f1e955137b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=248e1e1345b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#target#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17134, encryptionId=248e1e1345b, topicName=target)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8409354, createdName=闆锋旦, createdTime=Tue Jul 27 22:16:26 CST 2021, time=2021-07-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1794028, encodeId=b9261e940288f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7b3d1630617' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Signal#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=16306, encryptionId=7b3d1630617, topicName=Signal)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=102a153, createdName=yaanren, createdTime=Thu Jun 17 13:16:26 CST 2021, time=2021-06-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2036214, encodeId=69af2036214aa, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ae7816304dc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Sign#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=16304, encryptionId=ae7816304dc, topicName=Sign)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e9ed371, createdName=楚秀娟, createdTime=Wed May 26 03:16:26 CST 2021, time=2021-05-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1299632, encodeId=ac36129963295, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7a056349485' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#母乳#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=63494, encryptionId=7a056349485, topicName=母乳)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bf1b289, createdName=villahu, createdTime=Sat Nov 28 08:16:26 CST 2020, time=2020-11-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1028819, encodeId=da9c102881901, content=新冠肺炎,疫情何时才能消失, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=公卫新人, createdTime=Thu Nov 26 20:16:26 CST 2020, time=2020-11-26, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-11-26 公卫新人

    新冠肺炎,疫情何时才能消失

    0

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