Alzheimer&Dementia:预防痴呆,从娃娃抓起——饮食和运动在痴呆发病前多年就能影响大脑神经发生

2022-05-04 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

饮食和运动可能在CD和痴呆症发病前很久就影响神经发生。海马神经生成的改变可能标志着病理过程的开始,并有可能成为CD和痴呆的生物标志物。

认知能力下降(CD)是一个日益受到关注的问题,这不仅是因为它导致了全球范围内整体生活质量和独立性的恶化,而且还因为众所周知的痴呆症发病风险的增加。然而,一些生活方式因素已经成为CD和痴呆的潜在可改变的风险因素,这可能为早期预防策略提供有希望的目标。

两种关键的生活方式的改变提供了相当大的希望,它们涉及到运动和饮食。事实上,一些临床研究已经记录了增加运动对CD/痴呆的保护作用,并揭示了更多地坚持地中海饮食是如何减缓CD和减少痴呆风险的。

也有证据表明,某些候选营养素和食物(如深色多叶蔬菜中的叶酸和类黄酮、欧米茄-3脂肪酸、海产品中的维生素D、咖啡因)与老龄人口的认知结果之间存在保护关系。然而,在我们能够有效地利用运动的效果并将保护性的生物活性化合物纳入有针对性的饮食干预,以减弱/预防CD和潜在的痴呆症之前,需要在神经生物学层面更好地理解运动和这些饮食调节剂的作用。

近期,来自英国伦敦国王学院神经科学研究所的这些专家猜测这些因素以血液为载体与大脑沟通,这些因素可能与海马神经生成(HN)协同作用,形成CD和痴呆。相关结果发表在Alzheimer&Dementia杂志上。

研究人员使用体外神经发生试验,研究了一个纵向队列(n = 418)的血清样本对代理HN读数的影响,以及它们与未来CD和痴呆的关系,时间跨度为12年。

结果显示,细胞凋亡的改变和海马祖细胞完整性的降低与运动和饮食有关,并可预测随后的CD和痴呆。运动和饮食对CD的影响具体是由细胞凋亡介导的。

综上,饮食和运动可能在CD和痴呆症发病前很久就影响神经发生。海马神经生成的改变可能标志着病理过程的开始,并有可能成为CD和痴呆的生物标志物。

 

参考文献:

The serum metabolome mediates the concert of diet, exercise, and neurogenesis, determining the risk for cognitive decline and dementia. https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.12428

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    2023-01-03 siiner
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    2022-05-03 neuro.Dr

    老年性痴呆,未来还是希望借助神经电生理吧,也许更为有效!

    0

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