Lancet Respir Med:耐多药结核病治疗过程中不良事件的发生

2020-04-09 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

耐多药结核病的治疗需要长期治疗,且需要多种二线药物的联合治疗。这些药物与许多不良事件的发生相关,而这些不良事件可能导致诸如耳聋等严重疾病的发生,且在某些情况下可能会导致患者死亡。本研究旨在评估与不同结

耐多药结核病的治疗需要长期治疗,且需要多种二线药物的联合治疗。这些药物与许多不良事件的发生相关,而这些不良事件可能导致诸如耳聋等严重疾病的发生,且在某些情况下可能会导致患者死亡。本研究旨在评估与不同结核病药物有关的不良事件的绝对和相对发生率,以为临床医生和结核病项目选择最佳治疗方案提供有用的信息。

 

使用个人水平的患者数据进行了荟萃分析,这些数据来自报告不良事件的研究,且这些不良事件导致抗结核药物的永久停用。使用为先前的耐多药结核病治疗和结果进行荟萃分析而创建的数据库,对该数据库进行了系统的文献综述,研究范围为2009年1月1日至2015年8月31日(2016年4月15日更新),要求作者提供个人的患者信息。我们还考虑了这项分析研究,以响应世卫组织在2018年的公开呼吁提供患者水平的数据。进行了比例的荟萃分析和基于手臂的网络荟萃分析,以评估每种结核病药物不良事件的发生率。

 

研究筛选了58项研究,其中50项来自针对耐多药结核病治疗的最新患者数据荟萃分析。纳入其中35项研究(有9178例患者)进行荟萃分析。通过比例荟萃分析,发现不良事件发生率低导致永久停药的药物包括左氧氟沙星(1·3%[95%CI 0·3-5·0]),莫西沙星(2·9%[1·6] -5·0]),苯达喹啉(1·7%[0·7-4·2])和氯法齐明(1·6%[0·5-5·3])。三种二线注射药物(阿米卡星:10·2%[6·3-16·0];卡那霉素:7·5%[4·6-11·9];开普霉素:8·2%[6·3-10·7],氨基水杨酸(11·6%[7·1-18·3])和利奈唑胺(14·1%[9·9-19] ·6]),导致永久停药的不良事件发生率相对较高。由于纳入研究与排除研究之间没有重大差异,因此选择研究的偏倚风险被认为较低。研究之间的差异对于分析的大多数结果而言均很重要。

 

结果表明,导致永久性停药的不良事件发生率最低的是氟喹诺酮类,氯法齐明和苯达喹啉,最高的是二线注射药物——氨基水杨酸和利奈唑胺。这些结果表明,密切监测不良事件的发生对正在接受多药耐药结核病治疗的患者十分重要。该研究结果还强调了迫切需要更安全和耐受性更强的药物,以减少多药耐药结核病患者治疗时并发症的发生。

 

原始出处:

 

Zhiyi Lan , Nafees Ahmad, et al., Drug-associated adverse events in the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: an individual patient data meta-analysis.  Lancet Respir Med. 2020 Apr;8(4):383-394. doi: 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30047-3.

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    2021-02-25 howi
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    2020-04-11 智慧医人

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