Alzheimers Dementia:鹿特丹研究-皮层下脑结构和痴呆风险,有何关系?

2022-06-04 Freeman MedSci原创

杏仁核、丘脑、海马和尾状核的结构,和老年人队列中的痴呆风险有关。

全世界目前有5千万人患有痴呆症,这是一种渐进的神经退行性疾病。这种疾病通常在临床上表现为几个领域的认知障碍,包括记忆、执行功能、语言和视觉空间能力,以及行为或性格的改变。这些症状的潜在神经生物学相关因素通常被归因于内侧颞叶和大脑皮层的病理变化和萎缩。

图1: 论文封面图

最近,皮层下结构也参与了痴呆症的研究。皮质下的大脑结构大约占人类大脑总体积的25%,由一组异质性的灰质核组成,包括丘脑、基底神经节、海马、杏仁核和伏隔核。这些结构影响着一系列的生理功能,包括认知、情绪调节、动机和奖励。 在此背景下,一些研究显示这些结构的大体形态在轻度认知障碍(MCI)或痴呆症患者中受到影响,可能在脂蛋白E(APOE)ε4携带者和非携带者中存在差异。虽然以前的研究主要关注皮层下结构的体积,但它们的形状被认为可以产生对痴呆症神经病理学和症状的更深入的理解。

然而,关于痴呆症临床前阶段除海马外的皮层下结构形态的研究数量仍然有限。研究皮层下结构将提供关于痴呆症发病前的神经病理变化的范围和定位的关键知识,然后可能成为疾病监测甚至可能干预的目标。

藉此,鹿特丹伊拉斯谟医学中心的Isabelle F. van der Velpen等人,探究了皮层下大脑结构的体积和形状与社区居住的老年人的痴呆风险的关系。

2005年至2016年,5522名鹿特丹研究参与者(平均年龄:64.4岁)接受了脑部磁共振成像(MRI),并对痴呆症的发展进行了跟踪,直到2018年。获得了七个皮层下结构的体积和形状测量。

在12年的随访中,发生了272例痴呆症。


图2:论文结果图


丘脑的平均体积(危险比[HR]每标准差[SD]减少1.94,95%置信区间[CI]。1.55-2.43)、杏仁核(HR 1.66,95%CI:1.44-1.92)和海马(HR 1.64,95%CI:1.43-1.88)与痴呆风险密切相关。

伏隔核、苍白球和尾状体体积的关联则不太明显。形状分析确定了杏仁核、边缘丘脑和尾状核的区域表面变化。

该研究的重要意义在于发现了:杏仁核、丘脑、海马和尾状核的结构,和老年人队列中的痴呆风险有关。


原文出处:
Velpen, I. F., Vlasov, V., Evans, T. E., Ikram, M. K., Gutman, B. A., Roshchupkin, G. V., Adams, H. H., Vernooij, M. W., & Ikram, M. A. (2022). Subcortical brain structures and the risk of dementia in the Rotterdam Study. _Alzheimer’s & Dementia_, alz.12690. [https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.12690](https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.12690)

 

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    2022-07-21 anminleiryan
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    2022-06-06 wmr116
  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1878525, encodeId=7f7e18e8525cd, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c157696175' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ERS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=6961, encryptionId=c157696175, topicName=ERS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e93e105, createdName=anminleiryan, createdTime=Thu Jul 21 20:11:16 CST 2022, time=2022-07-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1718158, encodeId=350f1e1815842, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=8f0658433a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#dementia#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5843, encryptionId=8f0658433a, topicName=dementia)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=307e32501717, createdName=linlin2323, createdTime=Mon Apr 03 04:11:16 CST 2023, time=2023-04-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1779847, encodeId=bb261e79847a3, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=51b4238909' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#alzheimers#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=46, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2389, encryptionId=51b4238909, topicName=alzheimers)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=930e243, createdName=dingxiaobo, createdTime=Sun Sep 18 11:11:16 CST 2022, time=2022-09-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1316847, encodeId=3218131684eaf, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d3d0e121576' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#痴呆风险#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71215, encryptionId=d3d0e121576, topicName=痴呆风险)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a98f453, createdName=pcw106, createdTime=Mon Jun 06 04:11:16 CST 2022, time=2022-06-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1338565, encodeId=c1641338565fa, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=767711566a9' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#MERS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=44, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11566, encryptionId=767711566a9, topicName=MERS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/71tKRib0PibveVjnEa7tPLMaCzoKicFlKSEOzRTGf4wNvDV54kJyNx1ott1D5Xp5gRu7IwUia77oN0YFdffvQMu6Ug/132, createdBy=9e302500146, createdName=ms49895894946433513521, createdTime=Mon Jun 06 04:11:16 CST 2022, time=2022-06-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1556546, encodeId=2d7015565465a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ab7e85001cf' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#脑结构#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=48, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=85001, encryptionId=ab7e85001cf, topicName=脑结构)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=4f3114785325, createdName=wmr116, createdTime=Mon Jun 06 04:11:16 CST 2022, time=2022-06-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1247110, encodeId=63b6124e110cd, content=老年性痴呆,未来还是希望借助神经电生理吧,也许更为有效!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=neuro.Dr, createdTime=Sat Jun 04 16:11:16 CST 2022, time=2022-06-04, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-06-04 neuro.Dr

    老年性痴呆,未来还是希望借助神经电生理吧,也许更为有效!

    0

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即使存在遗传危险因素,坚持健康的生活方式与认知能力下降的速度减慢有关。 

拓展阅读

Alzheimer Dementia:从患者和护理的角度看阿尔茨海默病生物标志物检测和结果

有痴呆生活经验者的观点为生物标志物检测的价值提供了新的视角,应作为证据指导下的检测前咨询和结果考虑因素的一部分。

Annals of Neurology:AD相关生物标志物对皮质基底综合征和进行性核上性麻痹的影响

AD生物标志物阳性可能会改变CBS/PSP的临床表现,并有证据表明与AD病理/共病理相关的独特的大脑结构和功能变化。

IJNS:基于生命历程模型的多领域干预可降低老年人痴呆的风险

基于生命历程模型的多领域干预是可行的,有可能降低中国高危老年人患痴呆症的风险,改善他们的认知功能。

ART:视网膜血管的变化有望为观测阿尔茨海默病进程提供一个窗口

视网膜血管测量并不能代表非痴呆个体的脑血管损伤,而鼻侧象限的VD与海马萎缩相关,与淀粉样蛋白状态无关。

Neurology:利用基于弥散的神经炎症成像技术研究阿尔茨海默病的白质神经炎症

WM神经炎症在AD临床症状出现之前就已发生改变,并且与淀粉样变性相互作用。

Nature子刊:与记忆力训练相比,瑜伽对老年痴呆高危妇女的认知和免疫学影响

KY 对 SCD 有临床和生物学上的益处,将认知的变化与瑜伽的抗炎作用联系起来。

2022 欧洲共识:MCI和轻度痴呆初级阶段的诊断和治疗

意大利阿尔兹海默病专家组 · 2022-10-09

适合痴呆症患者的急救护理:老年急救护理应用研究网络范围审查和共识会议的结果

急性期后和长期护理学会(AMDA,The Society for Post-Acute and Long-Term Care Medicine) · 2022-08-01

痴呆及阿尔茨海默病进展要点简析

四川大学华西医院 · 2022-07-26