Nat BME :集成方法可加快发现抗病毒抗体疗法的速度

2020-08-05 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

近年来,人类B细胞的分离和抗体可变基因测序技术的进步已导致鉴定出针对许多威胁生命的病毒病原体的大量治疗性单克隆抗体候选物。这些目标包括抗原可变病毒,例如HIV1和流感病毒,具有高流行潜力的新兴病原体,

近年来,人类B细胞的分离和抗体可变基因测序技术的进步已导致鉴定出针对许多威胁生命的病毒病原体的大量治疗性单克隆抗体候选物。这些目标包括抗原可变病毒,例如HIV1和流感病毒,具有高流行潜力的新兴病原体,包括埃博拉病毒,马尔堡病毒,寨卡病毒(ZIKV),中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒(MERS) -CoV),痘病毒,尼帕病毒和许多其他医学上重要的病毒。目前正在临床试验中评估超过25种抗病毒人类单克隆抗体作为治疗药物。病毒感染可能导致全球性突发卫生事件,以及对快速反应技术的需求,以加快医疗对策的发展。多种障碍阻碍了抗病毒单克隆抗体疗法在暴发中的广泛应用。部署人类抗病毒mAb的主要障碍是,很难在短期内预测出哪种病原体会引起流行,这是人类mAb发现和验证治疗效力所需的较长时间。设计了一个集成的工作流程,可以在不到90天的时间内完成对小动物和非人类灵长类动物(NHP)的保护功效的发现和验证。目标是快速执行一系列任务,包括病毒原种生产,靶标特异性抗体基因拯救,生物信息学分析,mAb基因合成,mAb功能体外分析,使用IgG蛋白和RNA编码的mAb体内活性验证。

方法:11名曾或最近感染ZIKV的美国参与者和1名未受感染的对照参与者。Vero-E6细胞(美式培养物)在5%CO中保持在37°C。2在Dulbecco最小必需培养基(DMEM)中添加10%(v/v)热灭活胎牛血清(FBS)和1mm丙酮酸钠。所有细胞系均被检测为支原体污染阴性。使用RT-qPCR快速检测了一组永生化细胞系中的ZIKV病毒RNA,包括那些常用于病毒传播的细胞系:Vero-E6(ATCC)、BHK(ATCC)、JEG-3(ATCC)、HeLa(ATCC)、HEK-293 T(ATCC)、U2OS(ATCC)、A 549(ATCC)、Huh 7、Huh7.5、EA.Hy926(ATCC)和Hap-1(Horizon)。 随后的ZIKV生产研究中,我们选择了Vero细胞,因为它们在病毒生产中有着独特的用途。为制备ZIKV细胞,在T 175瓶中培养Vero细胞,接种种子,接种后66~72h收集细胞培养上清液,滴定。然后用焦点形成法(FFA)滴定病毒库,并在?80°C保存至使用。为了确定在滚筒瓶中培养Vero细胞大规模生产ZIKV的适宜条件,我们在接种后24~72h收集的细胞培养上清液中检测了不同血清浓度(0.5%~5%FBS)中的ZIKV滴度。0.5%的胎牛血清也足以在接种病毒后72h产生高滴度的ZIKV。为了确定病毒的浓度和灭活条件,我们用FFA超离心法测定了ZIKV的传染性。对11名曾接触过ZIKV亚洲血统的人PBMC中的B细胞对ZIKV的反应进行了评估,以确定反应最高的个体。ZIKV特异性B细胞的频率是用非洲ZIKV系可溶性重组E蛋白(Meridian Bioscience)从冷冻的PBMCs中计算出来的,这是以前用来鉴定ZIKV mAb的抗原。B细胞被磁纯化(干细胞技术),用抗CD 19藻红蛋白结合物(1:10稀释)、抗IGD荧光素异硫氰酸酯(FITC)结合(1:20稀释)和抗IgM FITC结合(1:20稀释)表型抗体(BD生物科学)和生物素化E蛋白染色。铬单细胞V(D)J试剂试剂盒(CG 000086_Rev C)的用户指南,对铬单细胞V(D)J细胞富集文库进行量化、规范化和测序。利用NovaSeq测序仪(Illumina)和NovaSeq 6000 S1试剂试剂盒(300个周期;Illumina)进行测序。所有重链核苷酸序列从单个子面板上按其重链V3J克隆型进行分组。属于每个重链V3J克隆型组的体细胞变异根据体细胞突变的程度进行排序,仅保留变异最多的重链序列进行下游表达和鉴定。利用通用引物从哺乳动物表达的pTwist载体中扩增出编码20位首席单抗候选基因的cDNAs,并在t7启动子(pt7-vee-rep)的控制下,将其克隆到编码委内瑞拉马脑炎病毒复制子(tc-83)的质粒中。分离出了100多个针对寨卡病毒的人类单克隆抗体,评估了它们的功能,鉴定了其中的29个mAb具有广泛的中和活性,并通过传递编码mrna的抗体和相应的IgG抗体,验证了领先候选抗体在小鼠和非人类灵长类动物感染模型中的治疗效力。

结果:验证了候选抗体在小鼠和非人类灵长类动物感染模型中的治疗效力。这条方法为快速发现针对全球关注的病毒病原体的抗体提供了路线图。

原文链接:Gilchuk, P., Bombardi, R.G., Erasmus, J.H. et al. Integrated pipeline for the accelerated discovery of antiviral antibody therapeuticsNat Biomed Eng (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41551-020-0594-x

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    2021-03-06 liye789132251
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    2020-08-11 1471c84em56暂无昵称

    厉害

    0

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    2020-08-07 yahu
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