Diabetes Care:有事没事吃点维生素?来看看维生素B12补充与死亡率的关系

2022-03-02 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

钴胺敏感性的降低与全因死亡率和心脏死亡率显著相关,特别是在二甲双胍非使用者中。

在过去的几十年里,全世界的糖尿病发病率已经翻了两番,其中2型糖尿病占90%。尽管心血管疾病(CVDs)仍然是T2DM患者的主要死因,但相当一部分疾病负担不能用传统的心血管危险因素来解释。识别糖尿病患者的新型危险因素仍然很重要。

维生素B12(钴胺)是一种必需的微量营养素,在高半胱氨酸和甲基丙二酸(MMA)的代谢中起辅酶作用。临床研究注意到,由于二甲双胍会抑制钴胺素的吸收,所以糖尿病患者,特别是二甲双胍使用者中钴胺素缺乏的发生率增加。

因此,美国糖尿病协会、中华糖尿病学会和国际儿童及青少年糖尿病学会强调二甲双胍治疗的患者存在钴胺素缺乏的风险,并建议定期监测血清钴胺素。为了调查二甲双胍的成年糖尿病患者的钴胺摄入量和相关生物标志物与死亡风险之间的关联,来自我国哈医大二附院心血管病的专家开展了相关研究,结果发表在Diabetes Care杂志上。

本研究纳入了全国健康与营养调查(NHANES)中的3277名T2DM成人患者,并随访至2015年12月31日。采用加权Cox比例危害回归法估计死亡风险的危险比(HRs)和95%CIs。

在3277名参与者中,865名全因死亡发生在7.02年的中位随访期间。无论二甲双胍治疗如何,总的来说,全因死亡与血清钴胺或食物或钴胺补充剂的摄入之间没有强有力的关系(每个P≥0.120)。

但是,甲基丙二酸(MMA)(一种钴胺缺乏的标志物)的加倍与较高的全因死亡率升高31%(HR= 1.31 [95% CI 1.18-1.45], P < 0.001)和心脏死亡率升高38%(HR 1.38 [95% CI 1.14-1.67], P = 0.001)明显相关。

钴胺敏感性是通过二元B12低/高和MMA低/高的组合来评估的(截止值:钴胺400pg/mL,MMA 250 nmol/L)。钴胺敏感度下降的患者(高MMA高B12)的死亡风险最高。低MMA低B12、低MMA高B12、高MMA低B12low和高MMA高B12组的全因死亡率HR(95%CI)分别为1.00(参考)、0.98(0.75-1.28)、1.49(1.16-1.92)和1.96(1.38-2.78)。这种关联在不使用二甲双胍的人中尤为显著。

由此可见,血清和饮食中的钴胺与死亡率的降低没有关系。钴胺敏感性的降低与全因死亡率和心脏死亡率显著相关,特别是在二甲双胍非使用者中。

参考文献:

Cobalamin Intake and Related Biomarkers: Examining Associations With Mortality Risk Among Adults With Type 2 Diabetes in NHANES. Diabetes Care 1 February 2022; 45 (2): 276–284. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc21-1674

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    2022-03-04 马龙

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贫血三项的检测及临床意义

营养性贫血是指因机体生血所必须的营养物质,如铁、叶酸、维生素等物质相对或绝对地减少,使血红蛋白的形成或红细胞的生成不足,以致造血功能低下的一种疾病。

Neurology病例:见于维生素B12缺乏症的舞蹈手足徐动症和局灶性肌张力障碍

维生素B12缺乏症的舞蹈手足徐动症和局灶性肌张力障碍病例分享。

Diabetes Care:二甲双胍、维生素B12和糖尿病患者全因死亡率,这三者到底是什么关系?

在过去几十年里,全世界糖尿病的流行率翻了两番,其中2型糖尿病占90%。尽管心血管疾病仍然是2型糖尿病患者死亡的主要原因,但仍然有很大一部分疾病负担不能用传统的心血管危险因素来解释。

检验项目:贫血三项

贫血在临床上是比较常见的,贫血原因较多,根据原因不同,可以分为缺铁性贫血、再生障碍性贫血、巨幼细胞性贫血、失血性贫血、溶血性贫血、地中海贫血等等。