Diabetes:肥胖相关遗传变异或助降低糖尿病风险

2018-11-09 张家伟 中国科学报

为什么一些肥胖的人反而不容易得糖尿病?英国埃克塞特大学日前发布的一项新研究显示,人体与肥胖相关的部分遗传变异反而有助降低2型糖尿病、心脏病和中风的风险。


为什么一些肥胖的人反而不容易得糖尿病?英国埃克塞特大学日前发布的一项新研究显示,人体与肥胖相关的部分遗传变异反而有助降低2型糖尿病、心脏病和中风的风险。

此前有研究认为,人体多余的脂肪存储在腰部还是肝脏周围,可能是由基因决定的。为了验证这一理论,埃克塞特大学、布鲁内尔大学等机构的研究人员合作分析了英国生物样本库中超过50万人的数据,这些人的年龄在37至73岁之间。研究人员分析了这些人腰部的磁共振成像扫描数据,分析他们多余的脂肪存储部位与他们罹患2型糖尿病、心脏病和中风的风险之间的关系。

身体质量指数(BMI)是衡量胖瘦的一种常用标准,计算方法是体重(千克)除以身高(米)的平方。通常认为的正常值在20至25之间,超过25为超重,30以上则属肥胖。

他们发现,DNA(脱氧核糖核酸)分子中有14种遗传变异与较高水平的身体质量指数相关,但同时又与较低的糖尿病风险、血压和心脏病风险相关。

研究人员认为,这可能是因为这部分遗传变异能够调控身体多余脂肪储存在哪里——携带这类遗传因素的人群,他们的多余脂肪多数存储在皮下,而肝脏、胰腺和肾脏等主要器官周围存储脂肪较少,从而降低相关的疾病风险。

报告作者之一、布鲁内尔大学的亚历克斯·布莱克莫尔教授说,就糖尿病以及其他一些疾病来说,身体多余脂肪存储在哪里,比人体本身有多少脂肪更重要。“(脂肪)直接存储在皮下要比存储在器官周围尤其是肝脏更好”。

相关研究报告已刊登在美国《糖尿病》杂志上。

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    2018-11-09 misszhang

    谢谢MedSci提供最新的资讯

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