Lancet:血管内卒中治疗期间阿司匹林、普通肝素的安全性和有效性研究 (MR CLEAN-MED):症状性颅内出血风险增加,尚无证据表明有益功能结果!

2022-03-18 Naomi MedSci原创

研究者试图评估静脉注射阿司匹林、普通肝素在血管内治疗因前循环大血管闭塞导致的缺血性卒中的安全性和有效性。治疗期间围术期静脉注射阿司匹林和普通肝素均增加症状性颅内出血的风险,但无证据表明对功能结果有益。

      在缺血性卒中血管内治疗后,由于前循环中的颅内大血管闭塞,尽管许多患者尽管快速而成功地进行了血管造影再灌注,但仍无法恢复。围手术期抗血栓药物可增强血管造影和微血管再通,并经常用于减少血栓并发症。然而,对于阿司匹林和肝素,围手术期使用潜在的好处是否超过了可能增加的症状性颅内出血风险尚不清楚。

      因为在先前的试验中,阿司匹林增加了出现颅内出血的风险,指南建议不要在静脉溶栓治疗后早期使用阿司匹林,但没有证据表明有良好的疗效。然而,这项试验是在血管内治疗之前接受静脉溶栓治疗的缺血性卒中患者进行的,干预组出现症状性颅内出血的4.3%的风险很低。指南没有提供肝素早期应用的建议。两项观察性研究发现,围术期使用肝素与良好的临床结果和较低的颅内出血风险有关。目前还没有对接受血管内治疗的患者进行围术期抗血栓药物治疗的随机试验。因此,指南没有就抗血栓药物的围术期给药提供建议,存在很大的实践差异。

      在目前的研究-荷兰急性缺血性卒中血管内治疗多中心随机临床试验(MR CLEAN-MED)中,研究者试图评估静脉注射阿司匹林、普通肝素、两者或两者都不开始在血管内治疗因前循环大血管闭塞而导致的缺血性卒中患者的安全性和有效性。

      研究者在荷兰的15个中心进行了一项开放标签、多中心、随机对照试验,采用2×3析因设计。研究者招募了因前循环大血管闭塞导致的缺血性卒中的成年患者(即18岁的≥),这些患者可以在症状出现后6小时内开始血管内治疗。符合条件的患者在美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表上的得分为2分或更高,并且CT或MRI排除了颅内出血。随机化是使用基于网络的程序完成的,该程序具有排列的区块并按中心分层。患者被随机分为围手术期静脉注射阿司匹林(300 mg/次)或不注射阿司匹林(1:1:1),并按1:1:1随机分为中剂量普通肝素(5000IU静注后1250IU/h×6h)、小剂量普通肝素(5000IU静注后500IU/h×6h)或不给予普通肝素。主要结果是90天时改良Rankin量表的评分。有症状的颅内出血是主要的安全结局。分析基于治疗意向,治疗效果以优势比(OR)或共同优势比(OR)表示,并根据基线预后因素进行调整。这项试验注册的国际标准随机对照试验编号为ISRCTN76741621。

  • 在2018年1月22日至2021年1月27日期间,随机分配了663名患者;其中628名(95%)提供了延期同意或在可以请求同意之前死亡,并被纳入修改后的意向治疗人群。2021年2月4日,在对数据进行解盲和分析后,试验指导委员会永久停止了患者招募,出于安全考虑,试验也停止了。
  • 被分配接受阿司匹林治疗的患者出现症状性颅内出血的风险高于未接受阿司匹林治疗的患者(310例中43例[14%],318例中23例[7%];调整后OR 1·95[95%CI 1·13-3·35]),以及被分配接受普通肝素治疗的患者高于未接受普通肝素治疗的患者(332例中44例[13%],296例中22例[7%];1·98[1·14-3·46])。
  • 阿司匹林(调整后的普通OR为0·91[95%CI为0·69-1·21])和普通肝素(0·81[0·61-1·08])均使改良Rankin量表评分下降,但无统计学意义。

     血管内治疗期间围术期静脉注射阿司匹林和普通肝素均增加症状性颅内出血的风险,但没有证据表明对功能结果有益影响。

文献来源:van der Steen W, van de Graaf RA, Chalos V, et al. Safety and efficacy of aspirin, unfractionated heparin, both, or neither during endovascular stroke treatment (MR CLEAN-MED): an open-label, multicentre, randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2022;399(10329):1059-1069. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(22)00014-9

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    2022-05-24 howi
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    2022-12-29 bioon1
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    2022-05-02 病毒猎手

    #血管内治疗#联合溶栓用于#缺血性卒中#患者,已显示明显的短期和远期效果。短期改善症状,防止并发症发生,长期,改善生活质量,改善#认知障碍##痴呆#

    0

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