J Hepatology:干扰素诱导的MX2是乙型肝炎病毒复制的限制因素

2020-02-22 不详 MedSci原创

I型干扰素(IFN)在内的细胞因子的可以治愈乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染的肝细胞对于解决急性和慢性感染至关重要。但是,IFN会影响数百种基因,与HBV抑制最相关的那些基因在很大程度上仍然未知。其中包括大型Mx GTPases。人类MX1(或MxA)对许多RNA病毒具有活性,而最近发现MX2(或MxB)限制了人类免疫缺陷病毒,丙型肝炎病毒和疱疹病毒。在这里,研究人员研究了MX2的抗乙肝病毒的能力。

背景与目标
I型干扰素(IFN)在内的细胞因子的可以治愈乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染的肝细胞对于解决急性和慢性感染至关重要。但是,IFN会影响数百种基因,与HBV抑制最相关的那些基因在很大程度上仍然未知。其中包括大型Mx GTPases。人类MX1(或MxA)对许多RNA病毒具有活性,而最近发现MX2(或MxB)限制了人类免疫缺陷病毒,丙型肝炎病毒和疱疹病毒。在这里,研究人员研究了MX2的抗乙肝病毒的能力。

方法
研究人员使用多种测定方法确定HBV核酸及其合成和降解,在转染的和HBV感染的肝癌细胞和原代人肝细胞中评估了MX2和功能变体的潜在抗HBV活性。MX2特异性shRNA干扰(RNAi)解决了MX2在IFN-α抑制HBV转录和复制中的特定作用。

结果
由于合成的显着减速和病毒RNA周转的轻微加速,单独的MX2和IFN-α基本上抑制了HBV复制。MX2的RNAi敲除显着降低了IFN-α的抑制作用。令人惊讶的是,MX2通过减少共价闭合的环状DNA(cccDNA)抑制了HBV感染,这很可能是间接破坏了松弛的环状DNA到cccDNA的转化而不是使现有的cccDNA不稳定。影响GTPase活性和低聚状态的各种突变降低了MX2的抗HBV活性。

结论
MX2是一种重要的IFN-α诱导型效应子,可降低HBV RNA水平,但也可通过间接削弱cccDNA的形成来有效抑制HBV感染。MX2可能具有通过消除cccDNA来治愈HBV感染的治疗应用潜力。

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