Free Radic Biol Med:老年人超重导致骨骼肌自噬损伤

2017-05-29 fengxiangxin MedSci原创

近来,研究者研究并发表了老年人超重(未达到肥胖)对骨骼肌组织的影响,研究者发现超重导致了蛋白分解的加强:超重老年人中组织的合成代谢活动成渐进性加强,而这是为了对抗导致肌肉消耗的分解代谢活动的加强。

近年来,自噬与衰老的研究取得了很大的进步。自噬是依赖溶酶体保护细胞对抗应激的细胞分解代谢过程。自噬能降解受损蛋白质、衰老或损伤的细胞器等细胞结构。而随着衰老的发生,细胞修复机制出现障碍,损伤的分子、细胞等大量堆积,并伴随功能障碍。与机体衰老密切相关的肌肉减少症是指骨骼肌量的流失以及力量和质量的下降,骨骼肌和脂肪组织中的相关变化是慢性疾病发展的关键步骤。

近来,研究者研究并发表了老年人超重(未达到肥胖)对骨骼肌组织的影响,研究者发现超重导致了蛋白分解的加强:超重老年人中组织的合成代谢活动成渐进性加强,而这是为了对抗导致肌肉消耗的分解代谢活动的加强。

蛋白质转换受到信号通路网络的调控,超重引起肌肉损伤表现为氧化应激和内质网应激诱导的炎症和胰岛素抵抗迫使肌肉组织对自噬机制来源的能量需求增加,而老年人自噬异常以及自噬活性的下降导致它无法正确处理那些因超重引起的细胞损伤,这就导致了大量异常蛋白质的聚集,表现为p62和NBR1的积累。

这种受损的自噬影响了肌肉的生成。生肌调节因子耗竭(MRFs)和肌肉生长抑制素水平变化没有联系,可能说明肌肉组织中与肌肉质量相关的卫星细胞数量减少。

这一发现的重要意义在于提高了对超重引起老年人肌肉萎缩的认识,以及阐明了自噬损伤是如何成为肌肉消耗的主要机制之一。因此,人类在对抗肌肉损伤性疾病所采用的的干预措施中,自噬可能成为一个有趣的治疗靶点。

原始出处:

Potes, Y., et al., Overweight in elderly people induces impaired autophagy in skeletal muscle. Free Radic Biol Med, 2017.05.018.

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    2017-08-15 jeanqiuqiu
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    2018-01-30 sunylz
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