世界首例:干细胞成功治疗糖尿病患者,让其重新产生胰岛素

2021-10-20 “E药世界”公众号 “E药世界”公众号

1922年,班廷等人发现并提纯了胰岛素,将其成功应用于糖尿病的治疗,这一发现拯救了千千万万的糖尿病患者,尤其是1型糖尿病患者。

1922年,班廷等人发现并提纯了胰岛素,将其成功应用于糖尿病的治疗,这一发现拯救了千千万万的糖尿病患者,尤其是1型糖尿病患者。

全世界首个接受胰岛素治疗的糖尿病患者Elizabeth Hughes的治疗前(左)和治疗后(右)

然而,对于1型糖尿病患者来说,只能通过胰岛素治疗来维持,尚无其他任何办法解决导致疾病的根本问题——胰岛细胞无法自己产生胰岛素。

2021年10月18日,Vertex制药公司宣布,一名严重的1型糖尿病患者在接受其名为 VX-880 的干细胞来源的完全分化的胰岛细胞替代疗法后,实现了胰岛细胞功能的“稳健恢复”,这些恢复的胰岛细胞可以让患者调节胰岛素甚至自己产生胰岛素,每天的胰岛素使用量减少91%,血糖控制得到显着改善。

1型糖尿病是一种代谢紊乱综合征,这种疾病主要是由于通过免疫介导胰腺β细胞的破坏而导致,必须使用胰岛素进行治疗,因此1型糖尿病又称为胰岛素依赖型糖尿病。1型糖尿病患者往往会出现肾病/衰竭、眼疾、心脏病、中风、神经损伤等严重并发症,甚至危及生命。此外,由于患者必须通过注射胰岛素进行治疗,因此经常会出现注射胰岛素导致的血糖过低,严重的低血糖会导致意识丧失、昏迷、癫痫发作,并且可能是致命的。随着时间的推移,患者的低血糖意识可能会受损,这意味着他们不再能够感知低血糖事件的早期迹象,这很可能危及生命。

这名患者在大约40年确诊患上了1型糖尿病,此后一直依赖胰岛素治疗,在接受 VX-880 疗法的前一年里就出现了5次危及生命的低血糖事件,患者在参加这一 1/2 期临床试验期间,接受了目标剂量一半的 VX-880 单次输注以及免疫抑制治疗。

接受治疗后,该患者实现了胰岛细胞功能的“稳健恢复”,这些恢复的胰岛细胞可以让患者调节胰岛素甚至自己产生胰岛素,每天的胰岛素使用量减少91%,血糖控制得到显着改善。 该疗法的安全性与典型的免疫抑制剂治疗相似,且没有报告与治疗相关的严重副作用。

虽然目前仅仅有一名患者的成功案例,但这仍然足以证明这一疗法的可行性,这很可能代表了一种“改变游戏规则的方法”。Vertex 执行副总裁兼细胞和基因疗法主管 Bastiano Sanna 博士表示,虽然现在说治愈还为时尚早,但这些结果足以支持该疗法的临床试验的继续进行,也为未来开发无需免疫抑制的细胞疗法奠定了基础。

关于VX-880

VX-880 是一种干细胞来源的胰岛细胞替代疗法,Vertex制药于2019年9月以9.5亿美元的价格收购Semma Therapeutics后获得了该疗法。

该疗法旨在通过为患者提供基于供体干细胞来源的胰岛细胞产生胰岛素来恢复身体调节葡萄糖的能力,从而取代胰岛素注射治疗和长期护理。

据了解,Vertex制药正在开发其封装胰岛细胞疗法,这一疗法将无需对患者进行免疫抑制,并计划在2022年向FDA提交临床试验申请。

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    2022-04-21 baoya
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1968483, encodeId=a3341968483e6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a57f208660f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#世界首例#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=20866, encryptionId=a57f208660f, topicName=世界首例)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=917c196, createdName=sjzlzc007, createdTime=Tue May 03 13:06:24 CST 2022, time=2022-05-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1750272, encodeId=d2371e50272ef, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=be7c8385345' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#胰岛#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=56, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=83853, encryptionId=be7c8385345, topicName=胰岛)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=a7a536274692, createdName=baoya, createdTime=Thu Apr 21 12:06:24 CST 2022, time=2022-04-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1069541, encodeId=6b361069541e1, content=已拜读,受益匪浅。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=6c905475903, createdName=湘雅科教, createdTime=Fri Nov 12 10:38:01 CST 2021, time=2021-11-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1475147, encodeId=421014e5147fd, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=935fe6718e3' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#糖尿病患者#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=48, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=76718, encryptionId=935fe6718e3, topicName=糖尿病患者)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a38f7243741, createdName=xue8604, createdTime=Fri Oct 22 07:06:24 CST 2021, time=2021-10-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1062574, encodeId=6c9410625e481, content=太棒了!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=84, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c4a44885671, createdName=419040982, createdTime=Thu Oct 21 13:17:13 CST 2021, time=2021-10-21, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-11-12 湘雅科教

    已拜读,受益匪浅。

    0

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    2021-10-21 419040982

    太棒了!

    0

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