Nature:慢性压力为何让人“头秃”

2021-04-02 haibei MedSci原创

最近,为了了解连接系统性变化和干细胞行为的机制,研究人员探索慢性压力对毛囊干细胞的影响。

干细胞受到内在的调节器以及外在的信号的共同调节。然而,我们对于系统性因素如何调节干细胞的行为,并耦合组织再生与不同的身体变化,仍然知之甚少。

最近,为了了解连接系统性变化和干细胞行为的机制,研究人员探索慢性压力对毛囊干细胞的影响。已有的研究显示,毛囊在休止期(telogen)和生长期(anagen)之间循环。毛囊干细胞位于毛囊和毛发胚芽处,除了在早期的生长期,它们会短暂地增殖以启动组织再生。

慢性应激被猜测与人类脱发有关。应激信号触发应激激素从肾上腺释放(人类的皮质醇和啮齿动物的皮质酮)。基于小鼠的早期工作表明,局部应用倍他米松--一种抑制糖皮质激素受体(GR)的类固醇(GR为皮质酮的受体)--可以抑制毛囊进入生长期,而在胚胎阶段GR的过度表达会导致毛囊不发达。与此相反,肾上腺切除术可以消除了皮质酮的来源,加速大鼠,兔子和貂的毛发生长。目前,这些现象背后,皮质酮调节组织再生的细胞和分子机制仍然在很大程度上没有被探索。

去除肾上腺可激活毛囊干细胞

最近,研究人员发现,在没有系统性皮质酮的情况下,毛囊干细胞在整个生命过程中进入再生周期的次数大大增加。相反,在慢性应激下,皮质酮水平的增加会延长毛囊干细胞的静止期,并使毛囊维持在一个延长的静止阶段。

从机制上讲,皮质酮作用于真皮乳头,抑制Gas6的表达,Gas6是编码分泌因子生长停滞特异性6的基因。恢复Gas6的表达可以克服压力诱导的毛囊干细胞激活和毛发生长的抑制。

因此,该研究工作通过皮质酮对毛囊干细胞微环境的影响,确定了皮质酮是毛囊干细胞活性的系统性抑制剂,并证明了这种抑制的去除会促使毛囊干细胞进入频繁的再生周期,并且该处理手段长期来看没有明显的缺陷。

 

原始出处:

Sekyu Choi et al. Corticosterone inhibits GAS6 to govern hair follicle stem-cell quiescence. Nature (2021). 

 

 

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    2021-05-09 liye789132251
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    2021-04-04 446993560

    学习了

    0

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    2021-04-02 jyzxjiangqin

    好文章!

    0

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    2021-04-02 ms2000001361349190

    双氢睾酮DHT不是个好玩意

    0

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    2021-04-02 wxl882001

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