JAMA子刊:不需要腰穿,血浆GFAP在诊断早期老年痴呆方面可能更敏感!

2021-10-22 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

血浆GFAP是检测和跟踪反应性星形胶质细胞病变和Aβ病理的敏感生物标志物,即使在AD早期阶段的个体中也是如此。

近年来,准确检测阿尔茨海默病(AD)的血液生物标志物的开发取得了快速进展,这表明这些生物标志物将迅速应用于临床常规和临床试验。这种应用对于临床前AD患者来说尤其如此,因为需要可扩展的、侵入性较低的生物标志物来筛选大量的认知障碍(CU)人群,以测试创新干预措施。

AD的病理与星形细胞的形态、分子和功能重塑有关,这一过程被称为反应性星形胶质增生。胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)是一种反应性星形胶质细胞增生的生物标志物,其血液水平在临床前AD患者中较高,是该疾病早期阶段的一个有希望的候选生物标志物。

然而,目前还不知道在整个AD过程中,血液中的GFAP水平是否存在差异,其性能是否与脑脊液(CSF)GFAP相似。为此,有专家评价从临床前AD到AD痴呆的整个AD连续过程中的血浆GFAP水平,并与CSF GFAP进行比较,发表在JAMA子刊上。

这项观察性的横断面研究从2014年7月29日至2020年1月31日从3个中心收集数据。老龄化和痴呆症的转化生物标志物(TRIAD)队列(加拿大蒙特利尔)包括整个AD连续性的个体。阿尔茨海默病和家庭(ALFA+)研究(西班牙巴塞罗那)和BioCogBank Paris Lariboisière队列(法国巴黎)的结果得到了证实,前者包括临床前AD的个体,后者包括有症状的AD个体。

共有300名TRIAD参与者、384名ALFA+参与者和187名BioCogBank Paris Lariboisière参与者被纳入。与认知障碍(CU)Aβ阴性者相比,临床前AD患者的血浆GFAP水平明显升高(TRIAD:Aβ阴性者平均=185. 1pg/mL,Aβ阳性平均=285.0 pg/mL;ALFA+:Aβ阴性平均=121.9=pg/mL,Aβ阳性平均[SD],169.9 [78.5] pg/mL)。)

在AD连续体的无症状阶段,血浆GFAP水平也较高(TRIAD:CU Aβ阳性平均=285.0=pg/mL,轻度认知障碍[MCI]Aβ阳性平均=332.5pg/mL;AD平均=388.1pg/mL vs CU Aβ阴性平均=185.1 pg/mL;巴黎:MCI Aβ阳性平均=368.6pg/mL;AD平均=376.4pg/mL vs CU Aβ阴性平均=161.2pg/mL)。)

血浆和CSF GFAP水平与p-tau181的关系

血浆GFAP的幅度变化始终高于CSF GFAP的变化。与CSF GFAP相比,血浆GFAP能更准确地区分Aβ阳性和Aβ阴性个体(血浆GFAP的曲线下面积,0.69-0.86;CSF GFAP的曲线下面积,0.59-0.76)。此外,血浆GFAP水平仅在伴有Aβ病理的个体中与tau病理呈正相关。

这项研究表明,血浆GFAP是检测和跟踪反应性星形胶质细胞病变和Aβ病理的敏感生物标志物,即使在AD早期阶段的个体中也是如此。

 

参考文献:

Differences Between Plasma and Cerebrospinal Fluid Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Levels Across the Alzheimer Disease Continuum. JAMA Neurol. Published online October 18, 2021. doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2021.3671

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    2022-02-23 mgqwxj
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    2022-06-20 ysjykql
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    2022-04-29 mnda
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    2021-10-22 neuro.Dr

    老年性痴呆,未来还是希望借助神经电生理吧,也许更为有效!

    0

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