Neurology:表现为反复脑出血的原发性 CNS 血管炎

2020-04-30 杨中华 脑血管病及重症文献导读

23岁,男性,右利手。反复多次脑实质出血,包括右侧顶叶,右侧额叶,左侧额叶等。

23岁,男性,右利手。

反复多次脑实质出血,包括右侧顶叶,右侧额叶,左侧额叶等。

DSA 显示右侧 MCA 分布区多灶性轻微变窄(下图 D)。增强 MRI 显示左侧额叶和弥漫性软脑膜强化(箭头)(图 F)。T2*显示右侧和左侧额叶多发不同时期的出血:

脑组织活检提示脑小血管炎,最终诊断为原发性 CNS 血管炎。

作者总结如下:

1.原发性 CNS 血管炎是一种罕见的局限于 CNS 的小血管炎或中血管炎

2.没有特征性表现,但是症状通常包括头痛、局灶性神经功能改变、认知变化和缺血性卒中

3.治疗主要包括高剂量皮质醇,静脉输注环磷酰胺

4.常规脑血管造影会漏掉小血管病变。脑活检仍然是诊断的金标准

5.血炎症指标可以正常

6.可逆性脑血管收缩综合征是原发性中枢神经系统血管炎的重要鉴别诊断。霹雳样头痛和短暂节段性血管变窄有助于鉴别两个疾病

7.反复脑实质出血,找不到病因时应该时刻警惕原发性 CNS 血管炎

原始出处:Jessica Rice, Randall Woltjer, Nicholas Stienstra, et al. Pearls & Oy-sters: Primary angiitis of the CNS presenting with recurrent intracranial hemorrhage. Neurology. 2020 Mar 3

 

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