Nature Neurosci:β淀粉样蛋白会影响睡眠质量

2015-06-03 佚名 生物通

加州大学伯克利分校的科学家们发现,β淀粉样蛋白累积与缺乏恢复性睡眠有关,睡眠就是阿尔茨海默症之谜中缺失的一环。这项研究发表在六月一日的Nature Neuroscience杂志上。研究人员通过有力证据证明,β淀粉样蛋白会影响睡眠质量(尤其是缺乏深度、恢复性睡眠),损害大脑的长期记忆。“我们发现了阿尔茨海默症引发记忆衰退的新通路,”文章的资深作者Matthew Walker教授说,领导这项研究的还有

加州大学伯克利分校的科学家们发现,β淀粉样蛋白累积与缺乏恢复性睡眠有关,睡眠就是阿尔茨海默症之谜中缺失的一环。这项研究发表在六月一日的Nature Neuroscience杂志上。

研究人员通过有力证据证明,β淀粉样蛋白会影响睡眠质量(尤其是缺乏深度、恢复性睡眠),损害大脑的长期记忆。“我们发现了阿尔茨海默症引发记忆衰退的新通路,”文章的资深作者Matthew Walker教授说,领导这项研究的还有神经学家Bryce Mander和William Jagust。

阿尔茨海默症是一种致命的神经退行性疾病,俗称老年痴呆。β淀粉样蛋白过量累积被认为是这种疾病的头号嫌犯。好消息是,睡眠质量差可以进行治疗,比如锻炼、行为疗法和电刺激疗法。在睡眠过程中通过电刺激扩大脑波,已经成功在年轻人身上增强了隔夜记忆。

睡眠帮助我们在夜晚清除毒性蛋白,防止它们累积并破坏大脑细胞。“睡眠将成为新的治疗靶标,改善老年人的记忆缺陷甚至老年痴呆,”Walker说。

“近年来人们逐渐意识到睡眠、β淀粉样蛋白、记忆和阿尔茨海默症之间存在关联,” Jagust说。“我们的数据显示,β淀粉样蛋白沉积会引发恶性循环,进一步干扰睡眠和损伤记忆。”

人们需要通过深度non-REM睡眠来保留和巩固记忆。non-REM睡眠中生成的强力脑波起到了关键作用,有助于将记忆从海马体(短期信息储存)转移到额叶皮层(frontal cortex)进行长期储存。已知老年人额叶皮层的恶化与睡眠质量差有关。

研究人员招募了26位年龄在65岁到81岁之间的志愿者,这些老年人没有表现出任何痴呆、神经退行性疾病、睡眠障碍或者精神疾病的迹象。研究人员通过PET扫描检测了老年人大脑中的β淀粉样蛋白水平,然后让他们记忆120个词组,并测试他们记住了多少。

随后,研究人员在老年人的八小时睡眠中记录了他们的脑波。第二天一早,他们让老年人回忆词组同时对其大脑进行fMRI扫描,分析海马体中的活动。“在良好的睡眠之后人们记住的词组更多,对海马体的依赖更少,更多的使用皮层(储存长期记忆),” Walker说。

研究显示,大脑内侧额叶中β淀粉样蛋白水平最高的参与者睡眠质量最低,在记忆测试中的表现最差,有些人甚至把前一天记住的信息忘了一大半。“大脑特定区域的β淀粉样蛋白越多,深度睡眠就越少,记忆里就越差,”Walker说。“而且深度睡眠越少,越不能有效清除有害蛋白,这是一个恶性循环。”

“睡眠不佳、记忆力差和β淀粉样蛋白之间存在因果关系,” Mander博士说。“通过干涉手段改善睡眠,也许能够打破这个因果链。”

原始出处:

 Bryce A Mander, Shawn M Marks, Jacob W Vogel, Vikram Rao, Brandon Lu, Jared M Saletin, Sonia Ancoli-Israel, William J Jagust & Matthew P Walker.β-amyloid disrupts human NREM slow waves and related hippocampus-dependent memory consolidation.Nature Neuroscience, June 1, 2015.doi:10.1038/nn.4035

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    2015-11-23 liye789132251
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    2015-06-05 lsndxfj
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    2015-06-03 黄庆

    不错!

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