BMC:与中年心血管疾病和死亡风险增加有关的食物

2021-04-25 Viho MedSci原创

心血管疾病(CVD)是全球死亡和残疾的主要原因之一,而不良饮食是造成这种情况的主要原因。

血管疾病(CVD)是全球死亡和残疾的主要原因之一,而不良饮食是造成这种情况的主要原因。最常见的饮食指南是基于食物中的营养物质,而不是食物本身,这可能让公众感到困惑。传统上,调查饮食和健康关系的研究集中在单一营养素上。然而,关键营养素同时存在于许多常见的食物中,仅关注单个营养素的研究可能掩盖了它们对CVD和全因死亡率的综合影响。

我们的发现有助于确定英国人常吃的特定食物和饮料,这些食物和饮料可能会增加心血管疾病和死亡的风险。近期,英国牛津大学的研究人员发表在BMC Medicine上的一项研究在确定基于食物的饮食模式,通过过量的能量摄入运作,并解释能量密度、游离糖、饱和脂肪和纤维摄入的高变异性,并调查它们与总的和致命的CVD和全因死亡率的关系,揭示了巧克力和糖果的高摄入量,这两种常见的饮食模式,可能与心血管疾病和中年死亡的风险增加有关。

研究人员对两种与中年心血管疾病和死亡风险增加有关的饮食模式进行研究。第一种是巧克力、糖果、黄油和白面包含量高,新鲜水果和蔬菜含量低。第二种是含糖饮料、果汁、巧克力、糖果、食糖和蜜饯的含量高,黄油和高脂肪奶酪含量低。

研究饮食数据通过两次或多次的24小时在线饮食评估收集(n = 116,806)。使用还原等级回归来得出解释最大方差的饮食模式。使用多变量Cox比例危害模型研究与全因死亡率以及致命和非致命CVD的前瞻性关联。

各饮食模式中食物组的因素负荷。注:占总能量摄入的比例。

分析发现,在平均4.9年的随访中,发生了4245例总CVD,838例致命CVD和3629例全因死亡。两种饮食模式共同解释了能量密度、游离糖、饱和脂肪和纤维摄入总量的63%的变化。主要饮食模式的特点是巧克力和糖果、黄油和低纤维面包的高摄入量,以及新鲜水果和蔬菜的低摄入量。

研究人员发现,与那些饮食中不包括大量巧克力、糖果、黄油和白面包的人相比,饮食中包括较多巧克力、糖果、黄油和白面包的人群中,年龄小于60岁或患有超重、肥胖症的人比年龄大于60岁,或没有超重、肥胖症的人患心血管疾病的风险更高。

饮食中含糖饮料、果汁和蜜饯较多的人尽管有运动,但是仍具有较高的心血管疾病和死亡的风险,并且与不吃这类饮食的人相比,患有肥胖症、高血压、糖尿病或高胆固醇的可能性更高。

该研究通讯作者Carmen Piernas表示,研究表明,少吃巧克力、糖果、黄油、低纤维面包、含糖饮料、果汁、食糖和蜜饯,可能与中年时期较低的心血管疾病或死亡风险有关。这与以前的研究相一致,这些研究表明,吃含糖较少和卡路里较少的食物可能与心血管疾病的低风险有关。这项研究的结果可以用来创建基于食物的饮食建议,帮助人们吃得更健康,并减少他们患心血管疾病的风险"。

不过该研究也具有一定的局限性,该研究的观察性质没有对饮食、心血管疾病和死亡率之间的因果关系作出结论。此外,由于饮食数据取自个别的24小时评估,而不是连续的一段时间,它可能不能代表参与者的终生饮食。未来的研究可以调查本研究中调查的两种饮食与心血管疾病和死亡率之间关联的潜在原因。

文献参考:

Associations between dietary patterns and the incidence of total and fatal cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in 116,806 individuals from the UK Biobank: a prospective cohort study, BMC Medicine (2021). DOI: 10.1186/s12916-021-01958-x

 

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    2021-04-27 yhy100201
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    2021-04-26 神盾医疗局局长Jack

    研究人员发现,与那些饮食中不包括大量巧克力、糖果、黄油和白面包的人相比,饮食中包括较多巧克力、糖果、黄油和白面包的人群中,年龄小于60岁或患有超重、肥胖症的人比年龄大于60岁,或没有超重、肥胖症的人患心血管疾病的风险更高。

    0

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  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1975076, encodeId=33cc19e507654, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f145355379' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#BMC#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3553, encryptionId=f145355379, topicName=BMC)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdqq.qlogo.cn/qqapp/101173734/363C99735735B7F4CB11D5F78F580525/100, createdBy=aab22500211, createdName=ms3025846204744509, createdTime=Mon Mar 07 07:55:13 CST 2022, time=2022-03-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1256077, encodeId=bdd712560e7e4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=587f6339050' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#死亡风险#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=63390, encryptionId=587f6339050, topicName=死亡风险)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=74808, createdName=quxin068, createdTime=Tue Apr 27 13:55:13 CST 2021, time=2021-04-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1416911, encodeId=2fbe1416911e2, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=27c710101804' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#食物#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=101018, encryptionId=27c710101804, topicName=食物)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=e3a33221853, createdName=yhy100201, createdTime=Tue Apr 27 13:55:13 CST 2021, time=2021-04-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1498868, encodeId=df171498868b5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=bb6f89e145a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#血管疾病#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=89714, encryptionId=bb6f89e145a, topicName=血管疾病)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=ccb99370406, createdName=andy2090, createdTime=Tue Apr 27 13:55:13 CST 2021, time=2021-04-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=960701, encodeId=2775960e01d1, content=研究人员发现,与那些饮食中不包括大量巧克力、糖果、黄油和白面包的人相比,饮食中包括较多巧克力、糖果、黄油和白面包的人群中,年龄小于60岁或患有超重、肥胖症的人比年龄大于60岁,或没有超重、肥胖症的人患心血管疾病的风险更高。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=68, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200529/3611e9bb629c4e5b81fbd8ce784b06cc/128487eae357460bb98f67d86230c218.jpg, createdBy=ab235268530, createdName=神盾医疗局局长Jack, createdTime=Mon Apr 26 18:27:13 CST 2021, time=2021-04-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=960608, encodeId=f30e960608a1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=974e51e2810' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#心血管#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=93, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=51728, encryptionId=974e51e2810, topicName=心血管)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=小小医者, createdTime=Mon Apr 26 12:44:31 CST 2021, time=2021-04-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=960578, encodeId=26959605e8c7, content=学习啦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=70, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2d612028636, createdName=81252974, createdTime=Mon Apr 26 11:13:15 CST 2021, time=2021-04-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=960509, encodeId=6df6960509ee, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=56, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q3auHgzwzM6f7Kgniadv4iaBDtARonZdHnhWr4bGib9xwIZ5rfgWYdH7pztrmOvXDIJeqibSX8D4D2xTGDsjTj6hicg/132, createdBy=60305246366, createdName=wc9805, createdTime=Sun Apr 25 23:54:36 CST 2021, time=2021-04-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=960489, encodeId=4d2c960489e4, content=学习了,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7c592194322, createdName=1209e435m98(暂无昵称), createdTime=Sun Apr 25 23:03:45 CST 2021, time=2021-04-25, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-04-26 81252974

    学习啦

    0

  8. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1975076, encodeId=33cc19e507654, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f145355379' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#BMC#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3553, encryptionId=f145355379, topicName=BMC)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdqq.qlogo.cn/qqapp/101173734/363C99735735B7F4CB11D5F78F580525/100, createdBy=aab22500211, createdName=ms3025846204744509, createdTime=Mon Mar 07 07:55:13 CST 2022, time=2022-03-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1256077, encodeId=bdd712560e7e4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=587f6339050' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#死亡风险#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=63390, encryptionId=587f6339050, topicName=死亡风险)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=74808, createdName=quxin068, createdTime=Tue Apr 27 13:55:13 CST 2021, time=2021-04-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1416911, encodeId=2fbe1416911e2, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=27c710101804' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#食物#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=101018, encryptionId=27c710101804, topicName=食物)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=e3a33221853, createdName=yhy100201, createdTime=Tue Apr 27 13:55:13 CST 2021, time=2021-04-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1498868, encodeId=df171498868b5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=bb6f89e145a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#血管疾病#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=89714, encryptionId=bb6f89e145a, topicName=血管疾病)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=ccb99370406, createdName=andy2090, createdTime=Tue Apr 27 13:55:13 CST 2021, time=2021-04-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=960701, encodeId=2775960e01d1, content=研究人员发现,与那些饮食中不包括大量巧克力、糖果、黄油和白面包的人相比,饮食中包括较多巧克力、糖果、黄油和白面包的人群中,年龄小于60岁或患有超重、肥胖症的人比年龄大于60岁,或没有超重、肥胖症的人患心血管疾病的风险更高。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=68, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200529/3611e9bb629c4e5b81fbd8ce784b06cc/128487eae357460bb98f67d86230c218.jpg, createdBy=ab235268530, createdName=神盾医疗局局长Jack, createdTime=Mon Apr 26 18:27:13 CST 2021, time=2021-04-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=960608, encodeId=f30e960608a1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=974e51e2810' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#心血管#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=93, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=51728, encryptionId=974e51e2810, topicName=心血管)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=小小医者, createdTime=Mon Apr 26 12:44:31 CST 2021, time=2021-04-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=960578, encodeId=26959605e8c7, content=学习啦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=70, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2d612028636, createdName=81252974, createdTime=Mon Apr 26 11:13:15 CST 2021, time=2021-04-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=960509, encodeId=6df6960509ee, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=56, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q3auHgzwzM6f7Kgniadv4iaBDtARonZdHnhWr4bGib9xwIZ5rfgWYdH7pztrmOvXDIJeqibSX8D4D2xTGDsjTj6hicg/132, createdBy=60305246366, createdName=wc9805, createdTime=Sun Apr 25 23:54:36 CST 2021, time=2021-04-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=960489, encodeId=4d2c960489e4, content=学习了,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7c592194322, createdName=1209e435m98(暂无昵称), createdTime=Sun Apr 25 23:03:45 CST 2021, time=2021-04-25, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-04-25 wc9805

    学习了

    0

  9. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1975076, encodeId=33cc19e507654, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f145355379' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#BMC#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3553, encryptionId=f145355379, topicName=BMC)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdqq.qlogo.cn/qqapp/101173734/363C99735735B7F4CB11D5F78F580525/100, createdBy=aab22500211, createdName=ms3025846204744509, createdTime=Mon Mar 07 07:55:13 CST 2022, time=2022-03-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1256077, encodeId=bdd712560e7e4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=587f6339050' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#死亡风险#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=63390, encryptionId=587f6339050, topicName=死亡风险)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=74808, createdName=quxin068, createdTime=Tue Apr 27 13:55:13 CST 2021, time=2021-04-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1416911, encodeId=2fbe1416911e2, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=27c710101804' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#食物#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=101018, encryptionId=27c710101804, topicName=食物)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=e3a33221853, createdName=yhy100201, createdTime=Tue Apr 27 13:55:13 CST 2021, time=2021-04-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1498868, encodeId=df171498868b5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=bb6f89e145a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#血管疾病#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=89714, encryptionId=bb6f89e145a, topicName=血管疾病)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=ccb99370406, createdName=andy2090, createdTime=Tue Apr 27 13:55:13 CST 2021, time=2021-04-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=960701, encodeId=2775960e01d1, content=研究人员发现,与那些饮食中不包括大量巧克力、糖果、黄油和白面包的人相比,饮食中包括较多巧克力、糖果、黄油和白面包的人群中,年龄小于60岁或患有超重、肥胖症的人比年龄大于60岁,或没有超重、肥胖症的人患心血管疾病的风险更高。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=68, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200529/3611e9bb629c4e5b81fbd8ce784b06cc/128487eae357460bb98f67d86230c218.jpg, createdBy=ab235268530, createdName=神盾医疗局局长Jack, createdTime=Mon Apr 26 18:27:13 CST 2021, time=2021-04-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=960608, encodeId=f30e960608a1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=974e51e2810' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#心血管#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=93, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=51728, encryptionId=974e51e2810, topicName=心血管)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220519/c2ab253484ee4527a2d4e9589a4821ac/45de9bf494a54becb2ea4369c9d11e85.jpg, createdBy=7a3710, createdName=小小医者, createdTime=Mon Apr 26 12:44:31 CST 2021, time=2021-04-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=960578, encodeId=26959605e8c7, content=学习啦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=70, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2d612028636, createdName=81252974, createdTime=Mon Apr 26 11:13:15 CST 2021, time=2021-04-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=960509, encodeId=6df6960509ee, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=56, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q3auHgzwzM6f7Kgniadv4iaBDtARonZdHnhWr4bGib9xwIZ5rfgWYdH7pztrmOvXDIJeqibSX8D4D2xTGDsjTj6hicg/132, createdBy=60305246366, createdName=wc9805, createdTime=Sun Apr 25 23:54:36 CST 2021, time=2021-04-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=960489, encodeId=4d2c960489e4, content=学习了,谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7c592194322, createdName=1209e435m98(暂无昵称), createdTime=Sun Apr 25 23:03:45 CST 2021, time=2021-04-25, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-04-25 1209e435m98(暂无昵称)

    学习了,谢谢分享

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