Neurology:确定DeNovo帕金森病患者的言语亚型:对左旋多巴长期治疗的反应

2021-10-19 Naomii MedSci原创

新发帕金森病患者不同的语言障碍表型反映了不同的潜在机制,并可以预测语言障碍对左旋多巴治疗的反应。

      帕金森病(Parkinson‘s disease,PD)的几个临床标志,如占主导地位的震颤、姿势不稳和步态困难、快速眼动睡眠行为障碍、认知障碍和自主神经功能障碍,被认为构成了不同的疾病表型,具有不同的预后和治疗反应。低动力性构音障碍,在高达90%的患者病程进展中被发现,其特点是单音高、压力降低、单调、辅音不精确、不适当的沉默、刺耳的喘息声,以及语音计时异常。明确言语障碍亚型可以提高对帕金森病构音障碍潜在机制的理解,并有助于做出对生活质量有潜在影响的言语治疗的决策。然而,识别帕金森病语音亚型的方法仍未明确,与其他临床表现的关系也不够清楚。

     帕金森病中潜在的不同言语亚型的存在也解释了关于多巴胺能药物对言语质量影响的混合、矛盾的发现。然而,由于样本量小、研究人群的异质性、缺乏简明有效的言语记录和分析方法,以及缺乏运动评分,关于早期帕金森病言语和左旋多巴对言语影响的现有证据有限。大多数证据支持多巴胺能替代疗法对言语没有显著影响,至少短期左旋多巴效应是如此。这样的发现可能解释了这样的观点,即言语障碍是PD的一种 “左旋多巴抵抗”轴性运动症状。然而,70年代早期的几篇报道显示,在长期稳定的左旋多巴疗法下,言语能力得到了改善。因此,最近一项基于客观声学分析的研究显示,19例患者中有4例构音障碍得到了相当大的改善。近日,有研究人员确定治疗后单纯帕金森病患者的言语亚型,并检查了他们对长期多巴胺能治疗的反应。

      研究人员记录了111名帕金森病患者的语音数据,其中83名参与者完成了12个月的随访(69名帕金森病患者接受稳定的多巴胺能药物治疗,14名未接受治疗的帕金森病患者)。对定量声学分析检查的运动性构音障碍的8个特征性参数进行非监督k-均值聚类分析。

  • 检测到三种不同的言语亚型,其患病率、症状持续时间和运动严重程度相似:“韵律亚型”、“言语亚型”和“发音亚型”。
  • 除各亚型常见的单音、单色外,以发音困难为主的言语亚型和辅音发音不精确的发音亚型,较韵律亚型更为严重。
  • 临床上,韵律亚型以女性多见且年龄偏小为特征,而发音亚型以男性多见、年龄较大、轴向步态症状较重、认知能力较差为特征。言语亚型在临床上代表了年龄的中间状态,大多数是男性,认知能力得到了保留。
  • 未经治疗的帕金森病对照组的语言功能在一年多的时间里恶化(p=0.02),而长期服用多巴胺能药物的韵律亚型和发音亚型组患者的语言障碍程度稳定,并改善了言语亚型患者的言语表现(p=0.002)。

        新发帕金森病患者不同的语言障碍表型反映了不同的潜在机制,并可以预测语言障碍对左旋多巴治疗的反应。

文献来源:https://n.neurology.org/content/early/2021/10/04/WNL.0000000000012878.long

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Adhera Therapeutics是一家临床阶段的生物制药公司,今天宣布已开始生产MLR-1019(armesocarb),用于IIa期临床试验。

拓展阅读

Nature Medicine:重塑帕金森病治疗前景:Prasinezumab在早期帕金森病快速进展亚型中的疗效分析

文章探讨了Prasinezumab这种单克隆抗体在早期帕金森病中的潜在的治疗作用。

【帕金森病专题分享】探索帕金森病进展及诊疗全攻略

帕金森病日来临之际,我们特别推出了帕金森病专题系列文章。无论你是初入此领域的新手,还是经验丰富的专家,这里都有你需要的知识和信息。点击立即阅读,共同提升帕金森病诊疗水平!

话题:帕金森病的真相你了解多少?

我们欢迎各位老师,学者们在下方评论区共同探讨帕金森病的各个方面,包括但不限于:帕金森病的介绍、早期症状、体征、预防等都可一起分享出来。

European Radiology:弥散基础频谱成像检测早期帕金森病黑质和白质束的病理改变

为了解决弥散张量成像的局限性,研究发展了弥散基谱成像 (DBSI)以粗量化各向异性扩散张量反映轴突的完整性,其在多种中枢神经系统疾病中的敏感性和准确性已被证实。

帕金森病睡眠量表修订版(PDSS-2)

帕金森病睡眠量表修订版(PDSS-2)

神经科一周速递:热点解读进展大盘点!

一周热点分享 ,紧跟神经科学前沿,让每一次诊疗都更精准,点击立即查看!

2024 NICE 诊断指南:帕金森病远程监测设备 [DG51]

英国国家卫生与临床优化研究所(NICE,National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence) · 2024-01-25

2023 NICE 技术鉴定指南:左旋多巴/卡比多巴组合治疗伴有运动症状的晚期帕金森病[TA934]

英国国家卫生与临床优化研究所(NICE,National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence) · 2023-11-29

帕金森病患者睡眠障碍评估与护理干预的最佳证据总结

浙江中医药大学护理学院 · 2023-08-10

早中期帕金森病患者运动管理的最佳证据总结

山东第一医科大学附属省立医院老年神经内科 · 2023-05-10