medRxiv:血浆蛋白生物标志物或有助于筛查老年痴呆

2020-04-22 竹子 转化医学网

导言:以往的蛋白质组学研究发现,AD患者血浆、血清和脑脊液中的蛋白质发生了显著变化,但这些研究均未获得准确、特异和可重复的AD诊断标志物。这仍然是一个重大挑战,但最近的报告有迹象表明,血液生物标记物是

导言:以往的蛋白质组学研究发现,AD患者血浆、血清和脑脊液中的蛋白质发生了显著变化,但这些研究均未获得准确、特异和可重复的AD诊断标志物。这仍然是一个重大挑战,但最近的报告有迹象表明,血液生物标记物是可能的。

研究人员早先就发现了与AD有关的血液样本标志物的变化。研究人员观察到标志的强度不仅受到疾病的影响,而且还受到年龄、性别和APOE基因型的影响(已知该基因型与患AD的风险有关)。

近日,弗洛里神经科学与心理健康研究所和墨尔本大学阿兹海默症研究中心的研究人员,在预印本网站medRxiv上发表了一项新研究。这项研究旨在发现血浆中差异表达的蛋白,从而为AD提供一种血液筛查工具。这项研究表明,外周蛋白信号可能有助于AD的早期诊断,研究人员还发现蛋白水平与APOE基因型有显著相关性,表明基因型的差异影响APOE以外的蛋白的循环丰度。

澳大利亚的研究人员进行成像、生物标记和生活方式相关的研究(AIBL)旨在帮助3个生物标记的发现。研究人员报告了对最初的血浆样本的分析,这些筛查来自于在AIBL的基线时间点中72名可能的AD患者和72名健康对照者的性别匹配队列。

该队列分为三组:认知健康人(健康对照组,HC),通过NINCDS-ADRDA标准诊断出AD的参与者,以及通过淀粉样蛋白确诊AD的参与者。先前描述了参与者招募、队列设计和临床评估。由于样本吞吐量的限制,研究人员将每个诊断类别的样本集合在一起。墨尔本大学人类研究伦理委员会批准了这项研究。

研究人员对他们进行了血浆采集,然后经过大量的免疫耗竭和分馏。他们根据性别和疾病状况(如下图),选择个体的血浆在冰上解冻1小时。将血浆在16500 x g下离心2分钟,将每个人的50微升混合,以产生最终的混合样品。分别为男性AD(mAD)、女性AD(fAD)、男性健康对照组(mHC)和女性健康对照组(fHC),从受试者中制备了独立的EDTA血浆池。

研究报告了载脂蛋白E(APOE)、结合珠蛋白、α1-抗胰蛋白酶、间α胰蛋白酶抑制剂、富含组氨酸糖蛋白和未知特性的蛋白的变异显著变化。α1抗胰蛋白酶和α1抗胰凝乳蛋白酶显示血浆浓度依赖于APOE eε4等位基因剂量。分析还发现,性别与维生素D结合蛋白片段和补体因子I水平有相关性。然后,研究人员使用靶向LC-MS/MS分析方法对单个样本进行了验证研究。研究结果表明,外周蛋白可能增加血浆淀粉样蛋白检测对AD早期诊断的价值。

原始出处:

Scott B. Laffoon, James D Doecke, Anne M Roberts, et.al. Discovery of plasma protein biomarkers related to Alzheimers disease, sex and APOE genotype. medRxiv April 18, 2020.

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    2020-04-24 智慧医人
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    2020-04-22 junJUN

    老年人痴呆何药可用??

    0

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拓展阅读

CGP医学循证|睡眠时间有讲究!每天睡眠时间≥8h,会加大老年痴呆发生风险

本研究纳入文献的睡眠时间测量方式多为自我报告,具有一定的主观性,结果可能存在偏倚。此外,测量老年痴呆的工具不同,评价结局指标时可能会有偏差。因此,未来仍需纳入更多高质量的研究予以验证。

Psychiatry Research:选择性血清素再摄取抑制剂的使用是否会影响与年龄相关的神经病理学和晚年认知?

本研究中的病理模型反映了死前几十年大脑中累积的神经退行性变化及其对渐进性认知衰退的影响。本文结果表明,认知变化与 tau 而非 SSRI 有关。

Alzheimers Dement:膳食胆固醇和脂肪、血脂与老年妇女痴呆症风险的关系因 APOE 基因型而异

到2050年,这一数字将上升到1.39亿。目前,AD还没有已知的治愈方法,也没有改变大脑疾病进程的方法,因此成为威胁老人健康的“四大杀手”之一。

第52届IPA大会:与早期痴呆诊断延迟相关的因素分析

不仅仅是人口统计学相关的因素,还有其他因素导致了痴呆的诊断延迟。

Alzheimer&Dementia: 骨骼肌线粒体功能可预测认知障碍,并与阿尔茨海默病生物标志物相关联

在衰老过程中,线粒体功能障碍可能在 AD 病理变化和神经炎症中扮演重要角色。