NEJM:纳曲酮-安非他酮用于甲基苯丙胺使用障碍的治疗

2021-01-14 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

甲基苯丙胺使用障碍患者,纳曲酮加安非他酮12周治疗的响应率不足15%,但仍高于安慰剂

近年来,美国,特别是中西部地区,甲基苯丙胺(冰毒)使用障碍导致的死亡率显著上升。目前,FDA尚未批准甲基苯丙胺使用障碍的治疗药物,近日研究人员考察了纳曲酮加安非他酮用于治疗甲基苯丙胺使用障碍的效果。
 
研究人员考察了纳曲酮缓释剂注射治疗(每3周380mg)联合安非他酮口服缓释片(450mg/日)治疗对中重度甲基苯丙胺使用障碍成年患者的疗效和安全性。在研究的第1阶段,患者随机接受纳曲酮加安非他酮治疗或安慰剂,持续6周,安慰剂组对治疗无应答的患者进入第2阶段,随机接受纳曲酮加安非他酮治疗或安慰剂,再持续6周。每周采集参与者尿液,在每个阶段研究的4次尿样测试中,3次甲基苯丙胺阴性的人群定义为治疗响应人群。
 
403名患者参与第1阶段研究,225人参与第2阶段研究。第1阶段,纳曲酮加安非他酮治疗组109名患者中,18人对治疗有响应,而安慰剂组294人中10人对治疗有响应(16.5% vs 3.4%)。第2阶段,纳曲酮加安非他酮治疗组114名患者中,13人对治疗有响应,而安慰剂组111人中2人对治疗有响应(11.4% vs 1.8%)。2个阶段研究中,纳曲酮加安非他酮治疗组的响应率为13.6%,而安慰剂为2.5%。纳曲酮加安非他酮治疗组的不良事件包括胃肠不适、震颤、萎靡不振、多汗和厌食症,8名患者出现严重不良事件(3.6%)。
 
研究认为,对于甲基苯丙胺使用障碍患者,纳曲酮加安非他酮12周治疗的响应率不足15%,但仍高于安慰剂
 
原始出处:
 
Madhukar H. Trivedi et al. Bupropion and Naltrexone in Methamphetamine Use Disorder. N Engl J Med, January 14,2021.

 

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    2021-01-14 旺医

    顶刊就是顶刊,谢谢梅斯带来这么高水平的研究报道,我们科里同事经常看梅斯,分享梅斯上的信息

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来自伦敦大学的研究人员最近发现将用于成瘾治疗的药物纳曲酮(naltrexone)以低剂量治疗癌症病人能带来一些有益治疗效果。   研究人员发现纳曲酮不仅可以阻止癌细胞生长,还能够改变细胞内在机制使癌细胞发生"自杀",这种药物能够帮助其他癌症治疗方法变得更加有效。   文章作者Dr Wai Liu和Angus Dalgleish教授等人发现纳曲酮在小剂量下能够激活促进