Communnications Biololgy:卵巢癌早筛难?液体活检来支援—新型血浆蛋白标记物

2019-07-04 佚名 转化医学网

近日,来自乌普萨拉大学和哥德堡大学Sahlgrenska学院的科学家表示,他们已经开发了一种血液检测方法,通过高通量蛋白质组学确定了卵巢癌的11种高精确度的血浆蛋白生物标志物,可以为疑似卵巢癌提供更准确的诊断,有望为卵巢癌高危患者提供早期筛查,降低了卵巢癌患者的剖腹探查术的手术率。

卵巢癌作为女性的沉默杀手,其死亡率居妇女恶性肿瘤之首,其发病隐匿、发展迅速、预后差,早期无特异表现,出现症状多已属晚期。70%的患者就诊时已是III期或IV期。尽管有了良好的手术治疗和化疗,但这部分患者的五年生存率还是在20%-40%之间,而I期的卵巢癌患者5年生存率可达90%。因此,迫切需要用于早期检测和改进诊断的其他手段。

近日,来自乌普萨拉大学和哥德堡大学Sahlgrenska学院的科学家表示,他们已经开发了一种血液检测方法,通过高通量蛋白质组学确定了卵巢癌的11种高精确度的血浆蛋白生物标志物,可以为疑似卵巢癌提供更准确的诊断,有望为卵巢癌高危患者提供早期筛查,降低了卵巢癌患者的剖腹探查术的手术率。 相关文章以“High throughput proteomics identifies a high-accuracy 11 plasma protein biomarker signature for ovarian cancer”为题在线发表在《Communication Biology》杂志上。

在细胞刚刚发生癌变但尚未形成癌灶之前,就会在体液(不仅包括血液,还有唾液、尿液、胸腹腔积液等)中出现一些游离的“破坏分子”——主要包括:循环肿瘤细胞(CTC)、循环肿瘤DNA(ctDNA)和外泌体等肿瘤来源的生物标志物。液体活检便是通过体外无创抽血的方式获取肿瘤脱落在血液中循环的ctDNA、CTC、外泌体等,以此来判断肿瘤的基因突变情况。相比传统肿瘤组织活检,液体活检具有许多优势,包括无创,可以多次取样,可同时检测多个肿瘤等等。

液体活检给正在探索的研究人员提供了灵感,为了寻找新的生物标志物,他们使用邻近延伸试验(PEA)比较了三组患有卵巢癌和良性肿瘤的患者中593种蛋白质的循环血浆水平,并开发了组合策略用于鉴定不同的多变量生物标志物特征。


593种蛋白质的队列统计

邻近试验依赖于“邻近探测”的原理,其中分析物通过多个(即,两个或更多个,一般为两个、三个或四个)探针的同时结合来检测,当通过结合分析物而靠近(因此为“邻近探针”)时,所述多个探针允许产生信号。由此,信号产生依赖于探针之间的相互作用,更具体和典型地邻近探针的核酸结构域/部分之间的相互作用,并且因此仅在必要的两个(或更多个)探针已结合分析物时发生,由此提高试验的特异性。

基于建立卵巢癌和良性肿瘤分离模型的策略,我们首先识别较小的蛋白质组在几个分裂中强有力地表达,即所谓的核心。 在第二步,我们通过扩展核心来构建模型,即具有高预测能力的其他蛋白质与特定核心的组合。最后,由11种生物标志物加上年龄组成的最终模型被开发成绝对浓度的多重PEA测试报告。


4个最终模型的ROC曲线

在第四个独立的队列中评估最终模型,并且对于卵巢癌I-IV期的检测,AUC = 0.94,PPV = 0.92,灵敏度= 0.85并且特异性= 0.93。

以上数据表明,新的血浆蛋白标记物可用于改善附件卵巢肿物的妇女的诊断,或用于进行卵巢癌高危妇女的早期筛查

免疫学,遗传学医学分子遗传学教授Ulf Gyllensten博士表示,“在瑞典,我们有很多宫颈癌筛查经验。 该研究让我看到了制定卵巢癌筛查策略的美好前景, 我们现在正在继续评估这项测试,并正在对西部地区和Halland医疗系统所有医院收集的样本进行大规模研究。希望能尽快把这项技术加以完善、确认,尽早带向临床。”

原始出处:Stefan Enroth, Malin Berggrund, Maria Lycke, et al. High throughput proteomics identifies a high-accuracy 11 plasma protein biomarker signature for ovarian cancer. Communnications Biololgy. 20 June 2019

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    2019-08-15 wjywjy
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    2019-08-10 sunylz
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    2019-07-06 nakerunner
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    2019-10-08 liuli5079

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