Mil Med:战时烧伤伤员局部治疗新方法研究

2022-05-15 医路坦克 MedSci原创

烧伤是战场上常见的伤病。鉴于恶劣的环境,对受伤军人进行外科清创往往是不可行的。这项研究试图确定最好的商业上可用的现成(OTS)疗法,具有现场部署的潜力,以改善烧伤受伤士兵的长期野战护理(PFC)。

烧伤是战场上常见的伤病。鉴于恶劣的环境,在这些环境下,对受伤军人进行外科清创往往是不可行的。外科清创手术的延误给烧伤患者带来了感染和错乱愈合的风险。因此,这项研究试图确定最好的商业上可用的现成(OTS)疗法,具有现场部署的潜力,以改善烧伤受伤士兵的长期野战护理(PFC)。

在5只麻醉猪的背部用热电偶烧伤装置在100℃持续15秒造成深度部分烧伤(25cm2)。在烧伤创面后1小时用无菌盐水和纱布清除多余的焦痂组织,进行非手术清创。然后将动物随机分为5个试验组,对12个DPT烧伤中的6个应用OTS疗法。其余6例烧伤用1%磺胺嘧啶银霜作为PFC标准护理(SOC)对照。OTS的5种随机治疗方法分别是:辐照无菌人同种异体皮肤移植(IHS)、生物可降解暂时性基质(BTM)、聚乳酸皮肤替代物、透明质酸酯基质(HAM)和脱细胞鱼皮移植(FSG)。在烧伤后第3天、第7天、第14天、第21天和第28天对创面进行连续评估。使用照片、组织学和定量细菌学相结合的方法进行评估。终点包括烧伤创面进展、再上皮化、创面收缩、疤痕升高指数和集落形成单位(CFU)。

分析表明,到了第3天,FSG最有效地防止了烧伤创面的进展。在伤口愈合方面,结果显示,到第28天,所有治疗组的再上皮化率接近100%。未观察到有统计学意义的差异。愈合质量分析表明,BTM处理的创面收缩较小,与IHS处理的创面相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。至于抗菌特性,CFU结果显示,在第3、7和14天,OTS疗法和SOC疗法之间没有统计学上的显著差异。

OTS疗法的影响与目前的PFC SOC在猪模型中治疗DPT烧伤的影响进行了比较。在手术室进行最终治疗之前,有几种局部选择可用于烧伤的治疗,并需要进一步评估。这些疗法积极用于平民烧伤对应人员,并具有远期、战地可部署的潜力,可在受伤时使用,因此受伤的军人可能不需要后送到更高的护理岗位,战斗力也可能得到保留。

我们的结果表明,与SOC相比,所有研究的OTS疗法在烧伤创面进展、创面愈合、愈合质量和定量细菌学方面都表现良好。

文献来源:Varon DE,  Carlsson AH,  Cooper LE, Evaluation of Topical Off-The-Shelf Therapies to Improve Prolonged Field Care of Burn-Injured Service Members.Mil Med 2022 May 05;

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    2022-05-12 chg122
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