PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases:研究:梅毒可通过改变单个基因来躲避免疫攻击

2020-04-26 转化医学网 转化医学网

在过去的二十年中,美国的感染率一直稳定增长。在2018年,美国新感染病例上升到超过115,000。全世界估计有600万新的成人梅毒病例。梅毒感染每年导致估计300,000例胎儿和新生儿死亡。

近日,华盛顿大学西雅图分校医学院的研究表明,梅毒的病原体梅毒螺旋体可能使用单一基因逃逸免疫系统。这一发现可能有助于解释梅毒如何在体内隐藏数十年,从而挫败了免疫系统根除梅毒的企图。它也可能解释了梅毒螺旋体是如何重新感染以前被感染过的人,这些人应该对此已经获得了一定的免疫力。该研究发表在PLOS期刊上。

在一项新研究中,研究人员比较了从一个被感染四次的人身上收集的梅毒螺旋体的基因组。他参加了由华盛顿大学医学院神经学教授克里斯蒂娜·马拉(Christina Marra)博士进行的梅毒患者脊髓液异常的研究。

这些样本是在相隔六年的两次感染中从他的血液中提取的。在两次感染之间,他还因被感染接受了两次治疗。

研究人员想看看第一次感染和最后一次感染的细菌基因组之间是否存在差异。这种差异可能揭示了细菌基因的变化方式,以及这些变化如何使细菌感染一个已对梅毒螺旋体产生免疫反应的人的免疫系统。

令人惊讶的是,研究人员发现,两个不同样品的基因组之间几乎没有变化——除了一个基因。该基因被称为苍白螺旋体重复基因K(tprK),为在细菌表面发现的蛋白质的合成提供了指导。细菌表面的蛋白质通常更容易被免疫细胞看到,因此通常是免疫攻击的主要靶标。

研究人员首先表明,TprK在七个不连续区域产生了相当大的多样性,在该区域中,细菌基因组中其他地方的DNA序列可以交换进出。这个过程称为基因转换。

研究表明,带有新的tprK变体的细菌细胞可以逃避免疫反应,引起持续感染,从而导致晚期梅毒。

这项研究的主要作者,格雷宁格实验室的研究科学家阿明·阿迪迪亚(Amin Addetia)说,该细菌似乎在其基因组中有一副牌,可以从中吸取并处理这些可变区,从根本上改变了蛋白质的“手”。这些取代改变了蛋白质在表面上的外观,使其可以逃避免疫系统。他还研究了很多细菌基因组,除了这个基因外,它们比梅毒螺旋体有趣得多。它可以在这些可变区内产生惊人数量的不同序列,而不会损害蛋白质的功能。

尽管细菌、病毒和寄生虫的表面可能有许多蛋白质可以被免疫系统检测和攻击,但在许多情况下,似乎只有一种蛋白质吸引了大多数注意力。这样的蛋白质称为免疫优势抗原。它们可能会引起免疫系统的注意,从而保护细菌。这种蛋白质的作用就像是分散注意力,使免疫系统脱离可能是细菌的致命弱点的蛋白质。研究人员需要更多的工作来确定TprK是否属于这种情况。

研究人员希望这一发现可以帮助研究人员开发疫苗,使免疫系统更有效地攻击TprK或忽略TprK并靶向其他变异性较小的梅毒蛋白。

原始出处:

Amin Addetia et al, Comparative genomics and full-length Tprk profiling of Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum reinfection, PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases (2020). DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007921

版权声明:
本网站所有内容来源注明为“梅斯医学”或“MedSci原创”的文字、图片和音视频资料,版权均属于梅斯医学所有。非经授权,任何媒体、网站或个人不得转载,授权转载时须注明来源为“梅斯医学”。其它来源的文章系转载文章,或“梅斯号”自媒体发布的文章,仅系出于传递更多信息之目的,本站仅负责审核内容合规,其内容不代表本站立场,本站不负责内容的准确性和版权。如果存在侵权、或不希望被转载的媒体或个人可与我们联系,我们将立即进行删除处理。
在此留言
评论区 (5)
#插入话题
  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2013331, encodeId=dd95201333162, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7d69598468' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Dis#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5984, encryptionId=7d69598468, topicName=Dis)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c689267, createdName=cmj8wellington, createdTime=Sat Nov 07 15:52:35 CST 2020, time=2020-11-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1702964, encodeId=60bf1e029649e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=72351e25437' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#TED#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17254, encryptionId=72351e25437, topicName=TED)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=76e230462388, createdName=aliceclz, createdTime=Thu Sep 10 10:52:35 CST 2020, time=2020-09-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=382432, encodeId=c59b38243264, content=好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bbc11488193, createdName=thm112988, createdTime=Sun May 03 00:06:08 CST 2020, time=2020-05-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1541715, encodeId=7a291541e15fd, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d6e6599e27' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Diseases#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5997, encryptionId=d6e6599e27, topicName=Diseases)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=474713318057, createdName=Tamikia, createdTime=Tue Apr 28 09:52:35 CST 2020, time=2020-04-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1569773, encodeId=d6c51569e7385, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=49e0161680c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SES#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=16168, encryptionId=49e0161680c, topicName=SES)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=6fc215562628, createdName=dongjia2015, createdTime=Tue Apr 28 09:52:35 CST 2020, time=2020-04-28, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2013331, encodeId=dd95201333162, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7d69598468' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Dis#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5984, encryptionId=7d69598468, topicName=Dis)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c689267, createdName=cmj8wellington, createdTime=Sat Nov 07 15:52:35 CST 2020, time=2020-11-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1702964, encodeId=60bf1e029649e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=72351e25437' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#TED#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17254, encryptionId=72351e25437, topicName=TED)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=76e230462388, createdName=aliceclz, createdTime=Thu Sep 10 10:52:35 CST 2020, time=2020-09-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=382432, encodeId=c59b38243264, content=好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bbc11488193, createdName=thm112988, createdTime=Sun May 03 00:06:08 CST 2020, time=2020-05-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1541715, encodeId=7a291541e15fd, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d6e6599e27' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Diseases#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5997, encryptionId=d6e6599e27, topicName=Diseases)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=474713318057, createdName=Tamikia, createdTime=Tue Apr 28 09:52:35 CST 2020, time=2020-04-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1569773, encodeId=d6c51569e7385, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=49e0161680c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SES#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=16168, encryptionId=49e0161680c, topicName=SES)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=6fc215562628, createdName=dongjia2015, createdTime=Tue Apr 28 09:52:35 CST 2020, time=2020-04-28, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-09-10 aliceclz
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2013331, encodeId=dd95201333162, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7d69598468' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Dis#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5984, encryptionId=7d69598468, topicName=Dis)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c689267, createdName=cmj8wellington, createdTime=Sat Nov 07 15:52:35 CST 2020, time=2020-11-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1702964, encodeId=60bf1e029649e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=72351e25437' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#TED#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17254, encryptionId=72351e25437, topicName=TED)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=76e230462388, createdName=aliceclz, createdTime=Thu Sep 10 10:52:35 CST 2020, time=2020-09-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=382432, encodeId=c59b38243264, content=好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bbc11488193, createdName=thm112988, createdTime=Sun May 03 00:06:08 CST 2020, time=2020-05-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1541715, encodeId=7a291541e15fd, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d6e6599e27' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Diseases#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5997, encryptionId=d6e6599e27, topicName=Diseases)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=474713318057, createdName=Tamikia, createdTime=Tue Apr 28 09:52:35 CST 2020, time=2020-04-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1569773, encodeId=d6c51569e7385, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=49e0161680c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SES#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=16168, encryptionId=49e0161680c, topicName=SES)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=6fc215562628, createdName=dongjia2015, createdTime=Tue Apr 28 09:52:35 CST 2020, time=2020-04-28, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-05-03 thm112988

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2013331, encodeId=dd95201333162, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7d69598468' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Dis#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5984, encryptionId=7d69598468, topicName=Dis)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c689267, createdName=cmj8wellington, createdTime=Sat Nov 07 15:52:35 CST 2020, time=2020-11-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1702964, encodeId=60bf1e029649e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=72351e25437' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#TED#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17254, encryptionId=72351e25437, topicName=TED)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=76e230462388, createdName=aliceclz, createdTime=Thu Sep 10 10:52:35 CST 2020, time=2020-09-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=382432, encodeId=c59b38243264, content=好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bbc11488193, createdName=thm112988, createdTime=Sun May 03 00:06:08 CST 2020, time=2020-05-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1541715, encodeId=7a291541e15fd, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d6e6599e27' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Diseases#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5997, encryptionId=d6e6599e27, topicName=Diseases)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=474713318057, createdName=Tamikia, createdTime=Tue Apr 28 09:52:35 CST 2020, time=2020-04-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1569773, encodeId=d6c51569e7385, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=49e0161680c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SES#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=16168, encryptionId=49e0161680c, topicName=SES)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=6fc215562628, createdName=dongjia2015, createdTime=Tue Apr 28 09:52:35 CST 2020, time=2020-04-28, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-04-28 Tamikia
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2013331, encodeId=dd95201333162, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7d69598468' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Dis#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5984, encryptionId=7d69598468, topicName=Dis)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c689267, createdName=cmj8wellington, createdTime=Sat Nov 07 15:52:35 CST 2020, time=2020-11-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1702964, encodeId=60bf1e029649e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=72351e25437' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#TED#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17254, encryptionId=72351e25437, topicName=TED)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=76e230462388, createdName=aliceclz, createdTime=Thu Sep 10 10:52:35 CST 2020, time=2020-09-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=382432, encodeId=c59b38243264, content=好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bbc11488193, createdName=thm112988, createdTime=Sun May 03 00:06:08 CST 2020, time=2020-05-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1541715, encodeId=7a291541e15fd, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d6e6599e27' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Diseases#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5997, encryptionId=d6e6599e27, topicName=Diseases)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=474713318057, createdName=Tamikia, createdTime=Tue Apr 28 09:52:35 CST 2020, time=2020-04-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1569773, encodeId=d6c51569e7385, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=49e0161680c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SES#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=16168, encryptionId=49e0161680c, topicName=SES)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=6fc215562628, createdName=dongjia2015, createdTime=Tue Apr 28 09:52:35 CST 2020, time=2020-04-28, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-04-28 dongjia2015

相关资讯

神经梅毒2例误诊分析

神经梅毒是苍白螺旋体侵入中枢神经系统,引起神经组织及血管病变的慢性中枢神经系统疾病,起病隐袭,临床表现多样化,个体差异大,大部分病例无明显症状,并且具有自限性,较罕见,易误诊。2006~2015年收治2例曾误诊的神经梅毒,现报道如下。

梅毒抗体阳性!宝宝感染梅毒?

“你们医院肯定弄错了,我娃这么小,怎么可能有梅毒!”一个年轻父亲站在检验科门口高声质问。“结果肯定错了,你们医院得给我一个说法!” 梅毒(syphilis)是由苍白(梅毒)螺旋体引起的慢性、系统性性传播疾病。主要通过性途径传播,临床上可表现为一期梅毒、二期梅毒、三期梅毒、潜伏梅毒和先天梅毒(胎传梅毒)等,是《中华人民共和国传染病防治法》中,列为乙类防治管理的病种。

二期梅毒误诊为痤疮、毛囊炎 1 例

患者男, 28 岁。面部丘疹、脓疱伴瘙痒,背部暗 铜色斑丘疹 2 个月余。 2 个月前面部开始出现红斑、 丘疹,伴少量脱屑,后逐渐加重,在红斑、丘疹基础 上出现散在分布、大小不一的脓疱,胸背部现斑丘 疹,呈暗铜色,曾在当地医院诊断为“痤疮、毛囊 炎”,予以痤疮、毛囊炎对症治疗(具体药物不详)后 皮疹无好转且逐渐增多。患者既往体健,否认手术 外伤等病史,有冶游史。系统检查无异常。皮肤科情 况:面部可

“被梅毒”的老年人:揭开纠缠老年人的梅毒“假阳性”面纱

在日常医疗工作中,经常会碰到一些需要手术的老年人,术前传染病四项结果回报为梅毒(+)。众所周知,梅毒是由梅毒螺旋体引起的一种性病,是生活不检点的代名词。绝大多数人是比较忌讳的。

恶性梅毒并发HIV感染1例

作者:李伶,郭中华,毛庆,成都市第五人民医院皮肤科

孕期产检梅毒阳性,是“乌龙”还是真阳性?

前段时间有一位患者咨询,怀孕三个月产检查出梅毒RPR阳性(1:1),而其本人并无不洁性史,无症状,患者不禁疑问:这种情况代表什么?该如何处理?梅毒会不会传染给胎儿?出生后能否母乳喂养?