Clin Gastroenterology H:炎症性肠病发病风险与疾病表型之间的相关性

2022-01-17 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

炎症性肠病是一种持续或反复发作的疾病,是起始于胃肠道黏膜的炎症。炎症可出现在消化道的任何部分,从口腔到肛门,例如直肠或小肠。

      克罗恩病(CD)和溃疡性结肠炎(UC)是统称为炎症性肠病,是一种免疫介导的疾病,其特征是胃肠道的慢性、复发性炎症。蒙特利尔分类法将CD分为疾病的表型行为(非限制性和非穿透性、限制性、穿透性和肛门周围疾病)和位置行为(回肠、结肠、回结肠和上消化道疾病两类。UC也根据疾病范围分为几种亚型(直肠炎、左侧或广泛UC)。疾病表型带有重要的预后信息,如手术和其他并发症的风险,在临床中用于指导炎症性肠病(IBD)患者的治疗。然而,目前还不清楚环境风险因素是否会影响到疾病的发生。因此,在这项研究中,研究人员试图研究已知的CD和UC的环境风险因素是否因疾病表型的不同而不同。

      研究人员对来自美国护士健康研究 (NHS)、NHSII 和卫生专业人员随访研究 (HPFS) 的 208070 名成年人进行了一项前瞻性队列研究。在基线时和以及每 2-4 年从所有患者中获得饮食、生活方式和医疗数据。通过病历审查确认了炎症性肠病 (IBD) 病例及其表型。最后使用似然比检验测试了 CD 亚型之间的异质性,并使用元回归方法测试了 UC 亚型之间的线性异质性。

 

      研究结果发现在 5117021人年的随访中出现了 346 例 CD 和 456 例 UC。纤维摄入与回结肠风险降低有关,但与回肠或结肠 CD 无关(P= 0.04)。体力活动与非狭窄性、非穿透性 CD 的风险降低相关(P= 0.02)。较高的 BMI 和当前吸烟与直肠炎和左侧 UC 风险降低相关,但与全结肠病变UC无关(P= 0.004)。其他风险因素经过相关性分析后发现与 CD 和 UC 风险之间的关联没有因疾病表型而异(P> 0.06)。

 

      本项研究发现在三个大型前瞻性队列中,IBD患者的饮食和生活方式风险因素可能因疾病表型而异。这些发现强调了在未来的流行病学研究中对疾病分层的必要性。

原始出处 :

Emily W. Lopes. Et al. Risk Factors for Incident Inflammatory Bowel Disease According to Disease Phenotype. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology.2022.

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    2022-07-21 许安
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    2022-01-18 tastas
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