“鬼压床”并不是阴气重,睡着睡着也会“瘫痪”么

2017-07-08 屠俊 澎湃新闻

“在睡觉的过程中,脑子已经醒过来了,可无论怎么挣扎身体就像石头似的不能动弹,不但动不了,脑子还会有继续沉睡的倾向,这种沉睡的感觉好比陷入沼泽或漩涡,感觉如果不挣扎醒过来就永远醒不过来一样,身体被束缚,脑子在半醒半混沌中挣扎,非常难受还有恐惧。”一位朋友这么描述自己的经历。民间常把这种感觉称为鬼压床或梦魇,有的人甚至还会产生幻觉,包括看到黑色的幻影。如何科学地解释这种现象,澎湃新闻(www.thep

“在睡觉的过程中,脑子已经醒过来了,可无论怎么挣扎身体就像石头似的不能动弹,不但动不了,脑子还会有继续沉睡的倾向,这种沉睡的感觉好比陷入沼泽或漩涡,感觉如果不挣扎醒过来就永远醒不过来一样,身体被束缚,脑子在半醒半混沌中挣扎,非常难受还有恐惧。”一位朋友这么描述自己的经历。

民间常把这种感觉称为鬼压床或梦魇,有的人甚至还会产生幻觉,包括看到黑色的幻影。如何科学地解释这种现象,澎湃新闻(www.thepaper.cn)就此采访复旦大学附属华山医院神经内科、复旦大学睡眠障碍诊疗中心于欢副教授。

鬼压床在农村也称“哑虎”,经历过的人常感到非常害怕,有的人在大白天睡觉时也会出现,有的人甚至称可以看到可怕的影子或者听到奇怪的声音。民间有人将其解释为灵异现象,认为是出生时时辰不好阴气重,被恶鬼缠身了。其实,这种现象在医学上称为睡瘫症,是一种快速眼动睡眠期的异态睡眠。

于欢教授指出,按照正常人的睡眠周期依序进入非快眼动睡眠的浅睡期(N1期和N2期)、深睡期(N3期),最后进入快速眼动睡眠期(REM期)。睡瘫症都发生在睡眠周期中的快速动眼期,这个时期睡眠中的人眼球会快速运动,这也正是我们做梦的时候。在快速动眼期中,人体肌肉除了呼吸肌和眼肌要保持工作状态,其他肌肉都处于完全放松的状态,而且和大脑的联络信号也暂时中断。这也是一种自我保护,否则人可能会随着梦境做出动作,出现梦游,甚至伤害到自己或是枕边人。

如果在快速动眼期的梦中忽然醒来,大脑来不及和身体重新连结,就会出现大脑意识已清醒,但是肢体的肌肉仍停留在静止状态,从而造成不听大脑指挥的“鬼压床”状况。

医学家们仍然在探讨为什么会出现睡眠瘫痪,我们知道几个加重睡眠瘫痪发生的因素。例如,睡眠规律被打乱、创伤后应激障碍、恐慌症、焦虑、抑郁。频繁的睡眠瘫痪症状也是发作性睡病的主要症状之一。睡眠瘫痪似乎还有家族遗传性,而且相比较一般人群,学生更容易出现睡眠瘫痪,可能是因为压力大或睡眠不足。

虽然你改变不了遗传,但你可以通过避免仰卧睡姿和保持健康作息时间来降低睡眠瘫痪发作的频率。需要指出的是,睡觉姿势不对也会引发“鬼压床”。比如手放在胸口、蒙头睡而导致呼吸不畅,血液流通受阻,“鬼”就容易压上来。

“要知道睡眠瘫痪是一种睡眠障碍,而不是鬼怪在作祟。明白这一点会减轻你对睡眠瘫痪的恐惧。”于欢教授指出,如果你出现睡眠瘫痪的症状,可以通过以下方式快速恢复你的肌肉张力:首先快速转动你的眼球,让眼球做圆周运动,让它们上下左右地运动。然后,眨眼,收缩你嘴周围的肌肉,移动你的下颚和舌头,当肌肉张力开始复苏时,移动你的脖子,肩、手、手指、腿、脚踝和足趾,最后,坐起来动动所有的肌肉。

偶然出现睡瘫无需恐慌,如果睡瘫症状发作过于频繁,干扰了正常的生活,或者睡瘫症的出现伴有明显的日间困倦则应及时就医,明确是否合并发作性睡病,必要时接受药物治疗。

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    2018-04-29 楚钟
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    2017-07-09 明天会更好!

    学习过了,谢谢分享!

    0

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    2017-07-08 thlabcde

    好东西学习了!

    0

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    2017-07-08 Y—xianghai

    睡眠瘫痪,学习了很好的知识

    0

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    2017-07-08 天涯183

    非常好的文章,学习了,很受益

    0

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