2例下颌髁突动脉瘤样骨囊肿

2019-04-29 赵文俊 王凯利 刘莉 国际口腔医学杂志

患者,男,14岁,2015年11月因“左耳屏前疼痛2月,发现包块1月余”来四川大学华西口腔医院就诊,创伤病史不祥,否认其他病史。专科检查:患者面型不对称,左面部稍膨隆;开口度、开口型正常,左下颌升支上份可扪及一约3 cm×3 cm大小的骨性包块,质硬、不活动,与周围软组织界限清楚,表面皮肤颜色及温度均正常,无明显触压痛;双侧颌下及颈部未触及明显肿大淋巴结。

动脉瘤样骨囊肿(aneurysmal bone cyst,ABC)在临床上较为少见,既非囊肿,又非肿瘤,病变区呈膨胀性、溶骨性改变。Jaffe和Lichtenstein于1942年首次报道,1958年Bernier和Bhaskar报道了第一例发生在颌骨的病例。发生于下颌骨髁突的ABC非常罕见,英文文献复习仅见19例报道。四川大学华西口腔医院自2009年至今发现2例经术后病理证实的髁突ABC,现报告如下。
 
病例1 患者,男,14岁,2015年11月因“左耳屏前疼痛2月,发现包块1月余”来四川大学华西口腔医院就诊,创伤病史不祥,否认其他病史。专科检查:患者面型不对称,左面部稍膨隆;开口度、开口型正常,左下颌升支上份可扪及一约3 cm×3 cm大小的骨性包块,质硬、不活动,与周围软组织界限清楚,表面皮肤颜色及温度均正常,无明显触压痛;双侧颌下及颈部未触及明显肿大淋巴结。
 
影像学检查:锥形束CT(cone beam CT,CBCT)显示左髁突不规则类圆形囊性病变,与正常骨边界清晰,边缘不光滑,中心密度不均匀,有不规则分隔,病变区下份见大小不等的分隔,囊腔膨胀明显,髁突颈外侧骨皮质不光滑,见骨膜成骨,考虑ABC或巨细胞病变(图1)。术前诊断:左下颌髁突囊性病变(ABC待排)。治疗:完善各项术前检查,排除手术禁忌后,行“左下颌骨囊性病变切除活检术、左下颌升支切除术、右第八肋带肋软骨游离移植术及重建板植入固定术”。
 


图1 病例1的CBCT影像。A:CBCT矢状位示左下颌髁突类圆形囊性病变,有分隔(箭头所示);B:CBCT轴位示病变颊舌侧膨胀明显、呈蛋壳样,边缘不光滑;C:CBCT冠状位示病变髁突颊侧见骨膜成骨(箭头所示)。
 
术后病理诊断:倾向ABC,病理号:Z-2015-04068(图2)。
 

图2 病例1术后病理切片苏木精-伊红染色×40
 
术后追踪,未见复发,病例1术后1个月及8个月曲面体层片见图3、4。
 
图3 病例1术后1个月曲面体层片
 
图4 病例1术后8个月曲面体层片
 
病例2 患者,女,15岁,2009年8月因“右耳前包块渐进性增大伴张口受限1月”就诊。专科检查:患者面型不对称,右耳屏前局部膨隆,可扪及一约4 cm×3 cm大小的类圆形包块,病变边界不清,可扪及“乒乓”感,表面皮肤颜色及温度正常,有触压痛,张口受限Ⅱ°,张口型正常。院外曾行CT、磁共振检查见右下颌骨破坏性病变,二次穿刺抽出血性液体,具体不详,以“骨肉瘤”收治,为求进一步诊治遂来四川大学华西口腔医院。
 
影像学表现:曲面体层片、后前位片显示右髁突见膨胀性囊性病损,累及髁突颈及乙状切迹,与正常骨有边界;CBCT显示囊腔占据整个右髁突,骨密质不连续,边缘模糊、呈虫蚀样,囊腔膨胀明显,病变周缘见骨膜成骨(图5)。术前诊断:右下颌髁突肿瘤性病变。治疗:完善各项术前检查,排除手术禁忌后,行“右下颌升支囊性病变切除术”,术中送冰冻活检提示“血管瘤伴ABC”,术后病理同上。病理号:Z-200902131、Z-200903070,四川大学华西医院会诊病理号:H-0904167(图6)。术后追踪6年,未见复发,病例2术后3、6年曲面体层片见图7、8。
 


图5 病例2的曲面体层片、后前位片及CBCT。A、B:曲面体层片、后前位片示右下颌髁突膨胀性囊性病损(箭头所示),髁突正常形态消失;C:CBCT矢状位示病变边缘模糊,膨胀明显,骨密质不连续;D:CBCT轴位示病变边缘呈虫蚀样,与正常骨边界不清;E:CBCT冠状位示病变颊舌侧见骨膜成骨(箭头所示)。
 
图6 病例2术后病理切片苏木精-伊红染色×100


 图7 病例2术后3年曲面体层片


 图8 病例2术后6年曲面体层片
 
原始出处:

赵文俊,王凯利,刘莉,郭文豪,郑广宁.2例下颌髁突动脉瘤样骨囊肿[J].国际口腔医学杂志,2018,45(03):307-312.

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    2019-07-11 xlysu
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    2019-06-20 jyzxjiangqin

    2例下颌髁突动脉瘤患者的治疗。

    0

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    2019-05-14 jyzxjiangqin

    髁突动脉瘤患者的治疗。

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