JAMA子刊:不建议每年LDCT肺癌筛查的吸烟者,肺癌风险高出10倍!

2022-08-04 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

jamaoncol:不建议年度筛查的吸烟者的肺癌风险评估

美国预防服务工作组不建议50-80岁的成年人每年用低剂量计算机断层扫描(LDCT)进行肺癌筛查,这些人有20包年或以上吸烟史且15年或以上戒烟,或现在吸烟但吸烟史少于20包年。

在不被推荐每年进行LDCT筛查的吸烟者中,患肺癌风险如何目前尚不清楚。因此,本研究探讨不推荐进行LDCT筛查的老年吸烟者患肺癌的风险。

这项队列研究使用了来自国家心肺血液研究所的心血管健康研究(CHS)数据集。1989年6月-1993年6月,CHS招募了588865岁及以上的社区居民,并收集了大量的吸烟史基线数据。目前的分析仅限于4279名没有癌症的个体,他们有关于包年吸烟史和戒烟持续时间的基线数据。目前的分析是从202217日-2022525日进行的。

截至20111231日,随访中位年限(IQR)13.3(7.9-18.8)(范围0 - 22.6)使用Fine-Gray亚分布风险模型来估计存在竞争性死亡风险的肺癌发病率。Cox病因特异性危险回归模型用于估计发病肺癌的风险比(HR)和95%CI

本分析共纳入CHS研究对象4279例(平均年龄[SD]72.8[5.6];女性2450[57.3%];非裔美国人663[15.5%],白人3585[83.8%],其他种族或民族31[0.7%])。861名非重度吸烟者中<20包年)中,戒烟15年或以上的615名前吸烟者的包年吸烟史中位数(IQR)为7.63.3-13.5)包年,146名戒烟15年以下的前吸烟者为10.0(5.3-14.9)包年,100名当前吸烟者为11.4(7.3-14.4)包年。

1445名重度吸烟者(20包或以上)中,516名戒烟15年或以上的前吸烟者吸烟史包年中位数(IQR)34.8(26.3-48.0)包年,497名戒烟15年以下的前吸烟者为48.0(35.0-70.0)包年,432名当前吸烟者为48.8(31.6-57.0)包年。

1973名从不吸烟者中有10名 (0.5%)100名吸烟史少于20包年的当前吸烟者中有5名 (5.0%),以及516名吸烟时间超过20包年且戒烟15年以上的前吸烟者中有26(5.0%)发生了肺癌。与从不吸烟的人相比,在不推荐LDCT的两组中,当前非重度吸烟者的肺癌病因特异性HR10.54 (95% CI, 3.60-30.83),戒烟未满15年的前吸烟者的肺癌病因特异性HR11.19 (95% CI, 5.40-23.21);根据年龄、性别和种族调整后,与从不吸烟者相比,当前非重度吸烟者的的hr10.06 (95% CI, 3.41-29.70),戒烟未满15年的前吸烟者的HR10.22(4.86-21.50)

这项队列研究的结果表明,不建议进行LDCT筛查的吸烟者患肺癌的风险较高,这表明需要建立预测模型来识别这些吸烟者的高危亚群进行筛查。

 

参考文献:

Faselis C, Nations JA, Morgan CJ, Antevil J, Roseman JM, Zhang S, Fonarow GC, Sheriff HM, Trachiotis GD, Allman RM, Deedwania P, Zeng-Trietler Q, Taub DD, Ahmed AA, Howard G, Ahmed A. Assessment of Lung Cancer Risk Among Smokers for Whom Annual Screening Is Not Recommended. JAMA Oncol. 2022 Jul 28. doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2022.2952. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35900734.

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    2022-09-08 周虎
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    2023-06-25 sjq027
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    2022-09-29 weiz
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    2022-08-04 肿瘤克星

    JAMA上文章都是顶级的,谢谢梅斯及时上新

    0

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