Neurology:当心空气污染,晚年暴露于PM2.5 痴呆风险明显增加

2021-03-26 Freeman MedSci原创

当心空气污染:晚年暴露于PM2.5 痴呆风险明显增加


越来越多的证据表明,环境空气污染是大脑老化的一个环境风险因素。已有几项全球性的研究共同表明,长期暴露于空气污染,特别是晚年PM2.5(空气动力学直径小于2.5微米的颗粒物),与痴呆症和阿尔茨海默病(AD)的风险增加有关。尽管有越来越多的流行病学证据,但PM2.5如何导致病理性的大脑老化和随后的痴呆风险的基本机制尚未完全了解。

空气污染可能通过其对神经变性的直接作用或通过增加脑血管损伤间接地与痴呆症有关。为了阐明这一机制,最近有一些使用神经影像学数据,调查了PM2.5对脆弱脑区的神经退行性影响。在AD中,可以观察到包括海马在内的多个脑区组织的逐渐丧失。然而,以前的研究,无论是使用感兴趣的区域方法还是进行全脑分析,都只显示出环境PM2.5与前额叶皮层和皮质下区域(包括基底神经节)较小的灰质体积之间的横断面关联,并报告了与海马体积的不一致关联。

藉此,美国南加州大学的 Diana Younan等人,基于一个女性的社区队列(年龄70-89岁)和脑MRI扫描,探究了晚年暴露于PM2.5是否导致预测阿尔茨海默病(AD)的进行性脑萎缩(progressive brain atrophy),


他们使用了一个AD模式相似性(AD-PS)评分,由监督机器学习开发,并与阿尔茨海默病神经影像学倡议的MRI数据进行验证,用于捕捉易受AD影响的脑区(如杏仁核、海马、海马旁回、丘脑、下颞叶区域和中脑)的高维灰质萎缩。

他们还使用参与者的地址和空气监测数据,通过一个贝叶斯模型估计第一次大脑MRI之前,3年内的暴露于PM2.5平均水平。最后用一般线性模型探究PM2.5和AD-PS评分之间的关联(基线和5年标准化变化),并考虑到潜在的混杂因素和白质病变体积。

他们发现,对于2005年至2006年的1,365名77.9±3.7岁的女性,在横断面分析中,PM2.5和基线AD-PS评分之间没有关联。

纵向来看,在随访期间,PM2.5(2.82微克/立方米)每增加一个四分位数范围与AD-PS评分增加相关,相当于5年内AD风险增加24%(n = 712,年龄77.4 ± 3.5岁)。在调整社会人口统计学、颅内体积、生活方式、临床特征和白质病变后,这种关联仍然存在,并且低于美国监管标准(<12 µg/m3)的水平。

这个研究的重要意义在于,晚年暴露于PM2.5与AD的神经解剖病变风险增加相关,这些病变可能无法用脑血管损伤的指标来解释。


原文出处:


PM2.5 Associated With Gray Matter Atrophy Reflecting Increased Alzheimer Risk in Older Women
Diana Younan, Xinhui Wang, Ramon Casanova, et al.
Neurology Feb 2021, 96 (8) e1190-e1201; DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000011149

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    2021-09-02 yinhl1978
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    2021-03-26 junJUN

    老年人痴呆何药可用??

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2001273, encodeId=fd2e20012e344, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d5df12695e6' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Neurol#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12695, encryptionId=d5df12695e6, topicName=Neurol)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8217292, createdName=yinhl1978, createdTime=Thu Sep 02 01:39:05 CST 2021, time=2021-09-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1265028, encodeId=cdf212650284a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9574144034a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PM2.5#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14403, encryptionId=9574144034a, topicName=PM2.5)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=87f580, createdName=yilong5287542, createdTime=Sat Mar 27 20:39:05 CST 2021, time=2021-03-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1316774, encodeId=5a611316e7496, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d3d0e121576' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#痴呆风险#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71215, encryptionId=d3d0e121576, topicName=痴呆风险)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a98f453, createdName=pcw106, createdTime=Sat Mar 27 20:39:05 CST 2021, time=2021-03-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1472720, encodeId=b65a14e272041, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ba4a6436107' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#污染#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=64361, encryptionId=ba4a6436107, topicName=污染)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=dfe67217539, createdName=小刀医生, createdTime=Sat Mar 27 20:39:05 CST 2021, time=2021-03-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1048750, encodeId=29cb1048e5030, content=老年人痴呆何药可用??, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=junJUN, createdTime=Fri Mar 26 08:39:05 CST 2021, time=2021-03-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=951319, encodeId=34fd95131915, content=环境风险加大!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b7a31928393, createdName=学医无涯, createdTime=Fri Mar 26 07:16:55 CST 2021, time=2021-03-26, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-03-26 学医无涯

    环境风险加大!

    0

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