超声诊断腹膜后平滑肌肉瘤1例

2018-12-28 王豪 中国超声医学杂志

患者男,23岁。发现左侧腰部包块伴腰部隐痛4个余月入院。超声示:左侧输尿管跨髂血管分叉处探及一大小约为59mm×48mm×45mm低回声,形态呈分叶状(图1a)。

患者男,23岁。发现左侧腰部包块伴腰部隐痛4个余月入院。超声示:左侧输尿管跨髂血管分叉处探及一大小约为59mm×48mm×45mm低回声,形态呈分叶状(图1a)。
 
CDFI:内可见点、条状血流信号,并测得高速高阻动脉频谱,RI:0.73。左侧输尿管受压,肿块处上段扩张。超声诊断:(1)左侧腹膜后实质性肿块,符合恶性肿瘤声像。(2)左侧输尿管扩张,受肿块压迫所致。腹部CT平扫:左侧腰大肌前方混合密度肿块影,同侧输尿管髂血管移行处受压,输尿管上段扩张(图1b)。
 

图1 腰部肿块CDFI声像图与CT冠状面图
 
CT诊断:考虑腹膜后神经源性肿瘤(恶性可能性大),伴左侧输尿管受侵可能。在全麻下行左侧腹膜后肿瘤切除术,术中见肿块与腰大肌粘连紧密,分离左侧输尿管,切除病灶送检。病理结果:(腹膜后)恶性肿瘤,结合免疫组化倾向多型性平滑肌肉瘤。
 
讨论 
 
平滑肌肉瘤是一种软组织肉瘤,源于肠壁平滑肌、肠壁血管平滑肌或肠壁黏膜肌的恶性间叶组织肿瘤,因部位不同而症状各异,好发于富于平滑肌组织的器官,以消化道和子宫最为常见。平滑肌肉瘤除局部浸润邻近器官和组织外,血行播散是最主要的转移途径。平滑肌肉瘤常发生于中、老年患者,40~60岁年龄为高发,年轻人少见及儿童罕见。
 
超声易发现平滑肌肉瘤病灶,需结合多种影像联合定性诊断。软组织平滑肌肉瘤常表现为肿块,发生于腹膜后者可有疼痛。平滑肌肉瘤的治疗以手术切除为主,术前需明确肿瘤的大小、部位及周围组织的关系。对性质不明确者,可再做MRI检查。预后与肿瘤发生部位、大小及手术是否完整切除有关。手术包括切除肿瘤组织,尽量使切缘无肿瘤细胞残留,术后应积极预防,防止复发。
 
原始出处:

王豪.超声诊断腹膜后平滑肌肉瘤1例[J].中国超声医学杂志,2018(01):68.

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    2018-12-30 xuyong530

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