Nat Commun:POLRMT突变损害线粒体转录诱导神经系统疾病的发生

2021-02-22 xiaozeng MedSci原创

线粒体疾病由一系列广泛的遗传疾病组成,其临床特征和患者预后各不相同。

线粒体疾病由一系列广泛的遗传疾病组成,其临床特征和患者预后各不相同。这些常见的多器官疾病可能是散发性疾病,也可能是由于线粒体DNA(mtDNA)或与线粒体功能和维持所需相关的约1200个核编码基因中的遗传致病突变所引起的。

线粒体RNA聚合酶(POLRMT)和线粒体转录因子A(TFAM)和B2(TFB2M)参与mtDNA的转录,这些因子参与轻链和重链启动子(LSP和HSP)启动的启动子特异性转录。在mtDNA的复制过程中,POLRMT还会从两个线粒体复制起点OriL和OriH合成起始所需的RNA引物。


既往研究显示,线粒体疾病的绝大部分是由mtDNA维护体系和OXPHOS系统中的相关成分缺陷所造成的。尽管在mtDNA聚合酶γ中发现了300多种致病突变体,但迄今为止并未发现POLRMT的致病突变与线粒体疾病相关。

分子遗传学和组织化学研究

在该研究中,研究人员分析了来自七个不相关家庭的八个人中POLRMT突变体的临床和分子性质。研究显示,患者在儿童时期出现整体发育迟缓、肌张力低下、身材矮小以及言语/智力障碍;其中的一名受试者表现出惰性进行性外眼肌麻痹表型。


所有受试者的大规模平行测序鉴定了POLRMT基因的隐性和显性突变。患者的成纤维细胞在线粒体mRNA合成中存在缺陷,但没有mtDNA的缺失或拷贝数的异常。重组POLRMT突变体的体外表征研究揭示了可变但对线粒体转录的有害作用。

POLRMT的结构域信息

总而言之,该研究揭示了POLRMT突变体影响线粒体转录的潜在疾病发病机制。


原始出处:

Oláhová, M., Peter, B., Szilagyi, Z. et al. POLRMT mutations impair mitochondrial transcription causing neurological disease. Nat Commun 12, 1135 (18 February 2021).

 

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    2021-07-14 mjldent
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    2021-05-22 liuli5079
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    2021-02-27 liye789132251
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