儿科医疗模式大转变:门诊量会越来越少

2018-07-10 Ivy(编译) 健康界

一项针对商业保险儿童的研究发现,孩子们去儿科看诊的次数在较少;同时另一项研究称,到儿科门诊的病例越来越复杂。这两项研究成果均在儿科学术协会(PAS)年会上予以了发表。 该年会主持人之一,科罗拉多大学医学博士克里斯多夫·斯蒂勒(Christopher Stille)评论说:“从两份研究可以看出,儿科护理的趋势正在发生巨大变化。”但究竟是什么在推动这些变化,仍然未可知。 “我们还未了解清楚,”他这样



一项针对商业保险儿童的研究发现,孩子们去儿科看诊的次数在较少;同时另一项研究称,到儿科门诊的病例越来越复杂。这两项研究成果均在儿科学术协会(PAS)年会上予以了发表。 该年会主持人之一,科罗拉多大学医学博士克里斯多夫·斯蒂勒(Christopher Stille)评论说:“从两份研究可以看出,儿科护理的趋势正在发生巨大变化。”但究竟是什么在推动这些变化,仍然未可知。 “我们还未了解清楚,”他这样告诉记者。

根据匹兹堡大学医学博士克里斯汀·瑞(Kristin Ray)和其小组研究人员的说法,在过去八年中,大型商业保险计划中的儿童群体在各种诊疗科室中的看病频次有所减少,其中包括急诊的次数。

她补充说,近年来医疗护理的可及性发生了变化。例如,根据美国健康访问调查的结果显示,没有医疗保险的儿童数量在减少,并且接受儿童预防性保健检查的人数有所增加。而另一方面,医疗保健研究和质量机构的资料显示,投保儿童家长的实付费用一直在上涨,而且夜间的看诊数量一直在下降。

为了解读这个现象,克里斯汀·瑞和她的团队在2008年到2016年期间对一家大型国家保险公司的索赔数据进行了研究。数据显示,2008年有345.7万人次的保险申报数据,2016年这一数字降至了304.9万。

研究发现,初级保健医护人员(儿科医生、内科医生或家庭医生)的看诊量在8年内下降了14% ,急性护理看诊量下降了23%,预防性护理访问次数增加9%。

几乎所有的诊疗科室数据都出现了下降趋势,其中呼吸系统疾病皮肤和软组织问题,泌尿系统疾病以及耳部、口腔和口腔疾病的降幅最大(> 30%)。唯一出现上升趋势的是精神病、行为和药物滥用科室。 克里斯汀·瑞认为,这一现象一个可能的解释是,美国预防性诊疗的工作正逐步发挥更大作用,致使儿童对急性护理的需求减少了,而家长也更好地了解到如何照顾家中的孩子。但研究人员也开始担心:就怕孩子们错过了他们需要的医疗护理。

美国儿科学会邓淑芳(Suk-fong Tang)博士表示,现在普遍认为医生与儿童之间的相互作用正变得越来越复杂,但对这个问题的研究却很少。

她的研究小组根据1997年到2015年全美门诊医疗调查(NAMCS)的数据,对使用美国医疗补助计划(Medicaid)和儿童健康保险计划(CHIP)支付的就诊比例进行了研究,观察患者年龄的变化、精神健康状况的诊断情况、转诊率和处方率的变化趋势。

为了进行比较,他们将数据分为四个队列:1997-2001、2002-2006、2007-2011和2012-2015。从数据列一到四,他们发现:

1. 使用Medicaid / CHIP支付的问诊量增长了91%;

2. 13-21岁年龄段的患者就诊率上升53%;

3. 健康状况良好的儿童就诊比例上升了28%;

4. 为心理健康问题就诊的比例增长了127%;

5. 转诊率上升了37% ;

6. 需要处方的就诊比例上升了19%。

邓淑芳博士提醒说,这项研究是以就诊量为基础的,并没有给出总体人口估计。同样,社区健康中心的就诊数据并未被包含在内 。同时,数据表明,儿童就诊情况正变得越来越复杂是确有其事的,至于为什么会发生这种变化的原因并没有在研究中揭示。

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    2018-07-11 lyh994

    以后其他群体就诊也会发生变化吧

    0

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    2018-07-11 龙胆草

    学习谢谢分享

    0

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    2018-07-11 飛歌

    厉害了我的哥

    0

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