Dig Dis Sci:可穿戴生物传感器可以预测 IBD 患者肠道手术后的住院时间

2022-04-02 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

炎症性肠病患者肠道不能正常吸收进食的碳水化合物、蛋白质、脂肪、维生素及多种微量元素,加上肠道炎症或服用的药物可能造成食欲不佳,因此炎性肠病常伴随着不同程度的营养不良。

炎症性肠病 (IBD),包括克罗恩病 (CD) 和溃疡性结肠炎 (UC),是一种慢性进行性肠道疾病,可能会随着时间的推移而恶化。需要手术干预来治疗 IBD 患者的肠梗阻、穿孔、顽固性出血或癌症的发生。手术后,住院时间 (LOS) 因患者而异,通常用作衡量所提供护理质量的指标。此外,过去的文献表明,在包括中国和美国在内的世界发展中和发达地区,更长的 LOS 与 IBD 患者的住院费用增加有关。因此,了解预测 LOS 的因素对于减轻 IBD 患者和医疗保健系统的经济负担以及促进更快的康复至关重要。然而,目前尚不清楚哪些指标可用于预测 IBD 患者的术后 LOS。早期活动是腹部手术后加速恢复的围手术期护理的重要组成部分,卧床休息时间增加与血栓栓塞事件、皮肤破裂和肌肉无力等并发症有关,因此,鼓励早期活动是住院患者的标准方法,既可以促进早期出院,也可以防止上述与长期卧床相关的并发症。

此外,睡眠被认为对住院期间的恢复至关重要。最近的一项研究表明,住院老年患者的睡眠不足与较差的健康结果有关。因此,睡眠可能对术后恢复有显着影响。然而,关于肠道手术后 IBD 患者睡眠质量与 LOS 之间关系的研究很少。使用市售可穿戴设备(例如 Fitbit)可以对日常活动和睡眠进行定量、连续和可靠的监测,然而,迄今为止,还没有人使用可穿戴设备专门针对 IBD 患者研究身体活动和睡眠质量与术后 LOS 的关系。本项研究旨在确定从可穿戴生物传感器收集的活动和睡眠数据的效用,以预测肠手术后 IBD 患者的 LOS。

研究人员在芝加哥大学医学院进行了一项前瞻性研究,筛选了确诊为 UC 或 CD 的年龄在 18 岁以上的患者进行相关实验。通过 Fitbit 设备收集身体活动和睡眠数据,包括每日步数、睡眠时长和睡眠效率。Fitbit 设备利用活动记录和心率数据来推断睡眠唤醒周期和睡眠阶段。睡眠效率是总睡眠时间与总卧床时间之比。然后使用逐步模型选择构建预测住院时间的最佳拟合多元线性回归模型。

 

最终样本包括37名患者。术后第4天(r = 0.51,p = 0.043)或第5天(r = 0.81,p = 0.0045)或术后第 5 天(r = - 0.77,p= 0.0098)的睡眠时间较短(r = - 0.77,p  = 0.0098)与较短的LOS相关。此外,术后第 4-5 天睡眠效率的更积极变化与更短的住院时间相关(r = - 0.77,p = 0.024)。最佳拟合多元线性回归模型显示 Clavien-Dindo 1 级 ( p = 0.045) 以及 Clavien-Dindo 2/3a 级和平均每日步数之间的交互作用 ( p = 0.00038) 是住院时间的重要预测指标。以下变量与住院时间无显着相关性:平均每日步数/睡眠时间/睡眠效率、这三个变量的平均变化率、连续术后第 1-5 天之间步数的变化与LOS无关。

图:平均每日步数与疾病预后的关系

本项研究展示了可穿戴生物传感器的活动和睡眠数据在预测术后住院时间的实用性。具有更严重并发症的患者可能会因增加行走而受益更多(即减少术后住院时间)。

原始出处:

Yangtian Yi. Et al. Using Wearable Biosensors to Predict Length of Stay for Patients with IBD After Bowel Surgery. Digestive Diseases and Sciences.2022.

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    2022-03-29 bnurmamat
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    2022-03-29 mjldent
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