JPD:下丘脑核团的结构连接改变,和冻结步态的息息相关

2022-05-23 Freemann MedSci原创

STN-DBS可以通过调节与前额叶和运动皮层结构相连的特定通路来减轻FOG的严重程度

步态障碍如步态冻结(FOG)是帕金森病(PD)患者的高致残性症状,影响生活质量、发病率和独立性。FOG患者尽管有意行走,但会突然出现无效的步态,通常被认为是 "粘在地上"。


图1: 论文封面图


当FOG发生在OFF状态时,但可以通过多巴胺能药物治疗得到缓解,这被称为 "左旋多巴反应性冻结 "或 "OFF冻结",而 "左旋多巴无反应性冻结 "对多巴胺能药物治疗的变化无动于衷,甚至可以通过药物治疗恶化为 "ON冻结"。

虽然丘脑下核(STN)的深部脑刺激(DBS)是治疗严重PD运动症状的既定方法,但其对步态困难和FOG的影响一直被讨论得很有争议。此外,皮层刺激方案,如重复经颅磁刺激多个目标,已被引入治疗PD的FOG。 不同的潜在解剖学目标的存在表明,更广泛的网络参与了FOG的治疗,这与目前关于其病理的网络模型是一致的。值得注意的是,FOG通常被理解为一种复杂的综合征,超越了纯粹的运动角度。

相反,一系列的成像研究表明,至少在一些患者的认知甚至边缘回路可能在FOG的出现中进一步发挥关键作用。这种多网络的观点与现象学观察相吻合,即FOG的触发因素可以分为运动(如转弯)、认知(如多任务)或边缘触发(如焦虑)。

因此,FOG被认为是由运动、认知或边缘输入到中脑运动区的信号失调导致的,干扰了步态期间的自动运动。这种多网络的观点表明,平均而言,FOG可能通过调节运动、认知和潜在的边缘通路来改善。

藉此,德国科隆大学的Daniel H. Lencha等人,假设STN-DBS通过调节基底神经节内的特定回路来缓解FOG,反映了运动、认知和边缘功能。其次,假设与间脑运动区的结构连接也是这个有益网络的一部分。

他们探究了47名PD和术前FOG的患者。主要使用步态冻结问卷(FOG-Q)来评估冻结的发生率和严重程度。在18名患者的子集中,评估了标准化步行过程中的诱发FOG。通过使用一个公开的基底神经节通路模型,他们确定了与术后FOG变化有关的刺激依赖性连接。使用疾病特异性规范连接组,对先验定义的间脑区域进行了兴趣区域分析。

 


图2:论文结果图


他们发现:术后6个月步态冻结明显改善,标志是冻结发作的频率和持续时间减少。

改善FOG的最佳刺激量在结构上与运动区、前额叶皮层和球状体相连

这种连通性特征在留置交叉验证中是强有力的。

在皮层下,对穿越小脑幕核和黑质的纤维的刺激与术后改善有关。

该研究的重要意义在于发现了: STN-DBS可以通过调节与前额叶和运动皮层结构相连的特定通路来减轻FOG的严重程度。更加分化的FOG评估可能允许在未来区分特定FOG亚型的通路。


原文出处:
Strelow JN, Baldermann JC, Dembek TA, et al. Structural Connectivity of Subthalamic Nucleus Stimulation for Improving Freezing of Gait. _JPD_. Published online April 11, 2022:1-17. doi:[10.3233/JPD-212997](https://doi.org/10.3233/JPD-212997)

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    2022-11-15 xxxx1061
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    2022-05-24 xlwang2696
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    2022-05-24 xlwang2696

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【帕金森病专题分享】探索帕金森病进展及诊疗全攻略

帕金森病日来临之际,我们特别推出了帕金森病专题系列文章。无论你是初入此领域的新手,还是经验丰富的专家,这里都有你需要的知识和信息。点击立即阅读,共同提升帕金森病诊疗水平!

话题:帕金森病的真相你了解多少?

我们欢迎各位老师,学者们在下方评论区共同探讨帕金森病的各个方面,包括但不限于:帕金森病的介绍、早期症状、体征、预防等都可一起分享出来。

European Radiology:弥散基础频谱成像检测早期帕金森病黑质和白质束的病理改变

为了解决弥散张量成像的局限性,研究发展了弥散基谱成像 (DBSI)以粗量化各向异性扩散张量反映轴突的完整性,其在多种中枢神经系统疾病中的敏感性和准确性已被证实。

帕金森病睡眠量表修订版(PDSS-2)

帕金森病睡眠量表修订版(PDSS-2)

神经科一周速递:热点解读进展大盘点!

一周热点分享 ,紧跟神经科学前沿,让每一次诊疗都更精准,点击立即查看!

2024 NICE 诊断指南:帕金森病远程监测设备 [DG51]

英国国家卫生与临床优化研究所(NICE,National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence) · 2024-01-25

2023 NICE 技术鉴定指南:左旋多巴/卡比多巴组合治疗伴有运动症状的晚期帕金森病[TA934]

英国国家卫生与临床优化研究所(NICE,National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence) · 2023-11-29

帕金森病患者睡眠障碍评估与护理干预的最佳证据总结

浙江中医药大学护理学院 · 2023-08-10

早中期帕金森病患者运动管理的最佳证据总结

山东第一医科大学附属省立医院老年神经内科 · 2023-05-10