BMJ:不要再用BMI来衡量健康状况

2021-04-13 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

英国政府对待饮食失调和身体形象不佳的做法,对它想要帮助的人来说是“潜在的有害”和“进一步触发”的。下议院妇女和平等委员会的议员们呼吁政府紧急下令对其肥胖

英国政府对待饮食失调和身体形象不佳的做法,对它想要帮助的人来说是“潜在的有害”和“进一步触发”的。下议院妇女和平等委员会的议员们呼吁政府紧急下令对其肥胖策略进行独立审查,以确保该策略是有证据的。

政界认为身体质量指数(BMI)最初是用来衡量整个人群的,不应该再被用来确定一个人的体重是否健康。他们建议,菜单上的卡路里也应该取消,在商业广告和促销中使用篡改的图像应该得到更严格的控制。政府在2020年7月发布的肥胖策略包括一些措施,比如晚上9点前禁止电视和网络广告销售高脂肪、高糖和高盐的食品;在餐厅的菜单上显示食物和酒精饮料的卡路里含量;以及结束对不健康食品的“买一送一”交易。

而医学界表示,除非政府“有勇气在重要的行业中挺身而出”,否则这项策略将会失败。政府应该更多地关注导致肥胖的社会因素。剑桥大学的研究发现,在过去30年里,政府围绕肥胖开展的运动“大多不成功,原因是执行上存在问题,缺乏从过去的成功或失败中吸取教训,以及依赖于试图说服个人改变行为,而不是解决不健康的环境。许多人在使用NHS服务时面临基于外表和体重的歧视,使用BMI“会引发体重污名,导致饮食失调,并可能损害个人的身体形象和心理健康。建议政府的公共卫生运动采用“各种规模的健康”方法,定义为在治疗病人的同时尊重体型、年龄、种族、民族、性别、能力和残疾、性取向、宗教、阶级和其他人类属性的差异。

该研究认为BMI是“非常糟糕的健康指标”,因为两个BMI相同的人可能会有非常不同的身心健康。此外,BMI历来是基于对欧洲男性的研究,这意味着它可能无法准确描述其他群体的健康状况,包括不同的种族和女性。

该报告还呼吁政府紧急委托研究基于体重的歧视程度及其对使用NHS服务的人的影响。委员会主席Caroline Nokes认为使用BMI作为健康体重的衡量标准已经成为体重羞辱的一种替代或正当理由,这一切必须停止。政府必须确保其政策不会造成身体形象压力。“报告警告称疫情对患有进食障碍的人和有高风险患进食障碍的人造成了毁灭性的影响,并强调了这些障碍和其他精神健康问题的发病率迅速上升。

原文出处

1.Mahase Elisabeth,Stop using body mass index as measure of health, say MPs.[J] .BMJ, 2021, 373: n941.

2. UK Parliament. Changing the perfect picture: an inquiry into body image.
2021.

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    2021-11-03 gaoxiaoe
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    2021-04-13 ms9000001296012691

    所以什么是评判健康的标准呢

    0

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    2021-04-13 yuxuepiao

    改写BMI意义

    0

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    2021-04-13 1465dbbcm33(暂无昵称)

    学到了

    0

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