Circulation:新冠感染儿童合并多系统炎症综合征的急性心血管表现

2021-01-05 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

心脏受累在COVID-19合并MIS的患儿中十分常见。且大多数儿童的体内的 N-B型钠尿肽、铁蛋白、D-二聚体、心脏肌钙蛋白、C反应蛋白和降钙素水平等心脏与炎症标志物升高

COVID-19(新型冠状病毒肺炎)大流行引发了全球灾难,但儿童发病率相对较低。成人COVID-19最常见的并发症是肺部严重病变并发急性呼吸衰竭,也有许多患者出现包括心脏在内的多器官并发症。成人重症COVID-19患者通常在发病后第2周就诊,此时正是病毒载量下降和炎症标志物升高之时。相反,感染SARS-CoV-2的大多数儿童和青少年仅表现为轻症COVID-19,因此未能及时就诊。

然而,来自欧洲和北美等多个国家和地区的报道都描述了需要入住重症监护病房的儿童和青少年聚集性病例,他们患有多系统炎症综合征(MIS)。MIS某些特征与病毒性心肌炎、川崎病和中毒性休克综合征相似,严重时可以导致多器官功能衰竭和休克。尤其是心脏受累可能导致心律紊乱、心肌功能减退、瓣膜反流和冠状动脉炎症等,这些临床表现的差异性给诊断带来了挑战。

2020年5月15日,世界卫生组织发表了《儿童和青少年COVID-19患者的多系统炎症综合征》科学简报,同时敦促收集描述临床表现、严重程度、结果和流行病学的标准化数据。为此,新冠肺炎亚太经济合作(APEC)快速反应工作组对新冠感染儿童合并MIS的急性血管表现进行了研究。相关结果发表在最新的《循环》(Circulation)杂志上。

该研究的目的是记录新冠肺炎感染和MIS儿童心血管相关的临床结果、心脏成像和实验室标志物。研究人员纳入了20201-6月期间,从17个欧洲国家共55个中心收集的确诊为炎症综合征与急性心血管并发症的儿童。

 纳入的儿童平均年龄为8.4岁,其中67%为男孩。最常见的心血管并发症为休克、心律失常、心包积液以及冠脉扩张。半数以上的患儿出现左心室射血分数降低的现象,且大多数患儿的心机肌钙蛋白检查升高。

 大多数患儿在入院时检测发现炎症相关生化标志物升高,包括:C反应蛋白、血清铁蛋白、降钙素、N- B型钠尿肽、白细胞介素-6水平和D-二聚体等。其中,心脏标志物与生化指标的升高程度与是否需要重症监护有密切相关性。此外,SARS-CoV-2病毒PCR检测阳性率为33.6%免疫球蛋白MG抗体的阳性率分别为15.743.6%

为此,研究人员认为,心脏受累在COVID-19合并MIS的患儿中十分常见。且大多数儿童的体内的 N-B型钠尿肽、铁蛋白、D-二聚体、心脏肌钙蛋白、C反应蛋白和降钙素水平等心脏与炎症标志物升高。与成人的COVID-19相比,尽管儿童常多器官受累伴有验证标志物升高,但在重症监护下,死亡率并不高。

 

参考文献:

 Valverde I, et al. Acute Cardiovascular Manifestations in 286 Children With Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome Associated With COVID-19 Infection in Europe. Circulation. 2021 Jan 5;143(1):21-32. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.050065.

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    2021-01-06 1def5843m65(暂无匿称)

    但死亡率并不高!

    0

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    2021-01-05 Jessica

    心脏受累在COVID-19合并MIS的患儿中十分常见。

    0

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    2021-01-05 Jessie Zhang

    新冠感染儿童合并多系统炎症综合征的急性心血管表现,要引起重视。

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    2021-01-05 公卫新人

    新冠肺炎,疫情何时才能消失

    0

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