Neurology:有家族史的人注意了!家族性颅内动脉瘤破裂风险增加2.5倍!

2021-12-03 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

家族性动脉瘤破裂的风险比散发性高2.5倍,因此在评估动脉瘤的破裂风险时,应考虑到家族史。

脑动脉瘤(cerebral aneurysm)是因于脑部动脉血管壁脆弱等原因,使得血管壁先天形成类似瘤状的物体,因此称为脑动脉瘤。动脉瘤内的血管壁因为欠缺中膜的存在,所以比较容易破裂;而因许多脑动脉瘤位于蛛网膜下腔,所以此症是蛛网膜下腔出血最大的肇因。且脑动脉瘤的患者中,有20%是多发性(多个瘤)的。

美国心脏协会科学声明中曾指出,睡眠持续的时间和质量,对生活方式和心脏代谢健康有影响。睡眠不足、睡眠质量差、睡眠障碍与高血压的风险较高有关。因此,治疗睡眠障碍患者可能会带来临床益处,尤其是对高血压患者而言。

近期来自乌特勒支大学医学中心神经病学的学者结合未破裂的颅内动脉瘤患者的前瞻性队列的个体患者数据(IPD),以评估家族性动脉瘤患者比散发性有多大程度的破裂风险,结果发表在Neurology杂志上。

在这个IPD荟萃分析中,研究人员进行了Embase和PubMed检索,寻找截至2020年12月1日发表的研究。纳入了以下研究:

(1)具有前瞻性研究设计;

(2)包括50名或更多的动脉瘤患者;

(3)研究动脉瘤的自然过程和动脉瘤破裂的风险因素,包括动脉瘤蛛网膜下腔出血和UIA的家族史;

(4)将动脉瘤破裂作为结果之一。有IPD的队列被纳入。所有的研究都包括了到其中一个研究中心就诊的新诊断的动脉瘤患者。主要结果是动脉瘤破裂。

结果共纳入了8个队列的IPD。在6个队列中,一级亲属被定义为父母、兄弟姐妹和子女(29%为荷兰人,55%为芬兰人,15%为日本人),共有2297名患者(17%为家族性,399名患者),有3089例动脉瘤,随访7301人年。10例家族性病例(破裂率:0.89%/人年;95%CI:0.45-1.59)和41例散发性病例(0.66%/人年;95%CI 0.48-0.89)发生破裂。

总的来说,家族性病例破裂风险升高156%(HR=2.56;95%CI 1.18-5.56)。在加入排除兄弟姐妹为一级亲属的2个队列后,分析9511名参与者后发现家族性病例风险仍升高44%(HR=1.44;95% CI 0.86-2.40)。

随访期间,家族性和散发性患者破裂风险

 

综上,家族性动脉瘤破裂的风险比散发性高2.5倍,因此在评估动脉瘤的破裂风险时,应考虑到家族史。

 

参考文献:

Difference in Rupture Risk Between Familial and Sporadic Intracranial Aneurysms An Individual Patient Data Meta-analysis. Neurology Nov 2021, 97 (22) e2195-e2203; DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000012885

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    2021-12-04 wetgdt
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