J Infection:接受门诊胃肠外抗生素治疗 (OPAT) 的感染性心内膜炎患者预后的临床预测因素

2021-10-07 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

感染性心内膜炎 (IE) 是一种严重且可能致命的感染,通常需要长时间的口服胃肠外抗菌治疗。

       感染性心内膜炎 (IE) 是一种严重且可能致命的感染,通常需要长时间的口服胃肠外抗菌治疗。在一般人群中,每10万人中就有3-10例患者受到感染性心内膜炎的影响,院内死亡率高达15%-30%,让人防不胜防,危害极大。多项观察性研究都证明了门诊胃肠外抗菌治疗 (OPAT) 在 IE 治疗中的有效性和安全性。然而,OPAT 治疗的 IE 患者的失败和不良预后的预测因素并不完全清楚。本研究旨在探究 OPAT 治疗的 IE 患者治疗失败和预后不良的危险因素。

 

      加上耐药细菌的增多以及免疫抑制剂的使用,感染性心内膜炎的流行病学特征也变得越来越复杂,临床抉择上也越来越棘手,为此,研究人员对英国谢菲尔德一家大型教学医院 13 年间(2006 年 9 月至 2019 年 9 月)治疗的所有 IE 发作进行了回顾性分析。将 OPAT 失败定义为从 OPAT 治疗出院后 30 天内出现再入院或死亡。主要不良心脏事件 (MACE) 被定义为与 IE 相关的死亡、心脏手术和 OPAT 完成后第一年内 IE 复发的复合事件。

 

      研究结果显示OPAT 失败和 MACE 分别发生了 44 次(26.2%)和 29 次(17.3%)。在多变量分析中,先前存在肾功能衰竭([aOR],3.00;95%[CI],1.08-8.30;P= 0.034)和 Charlson 合并症评分(aOR,每单位增加 1.29;95% CI , 1.06-1.57; P = 0.011) 与OPAT失败风险增加有关。既往心内膜炎(aOR,3.60;95% CI,1.49-8.70;P= 0.004)和心脏并发症(aOR,3.85;95% CI,1.49-9.93;P= 0.005)是 MACE 的危险因素,而心脏手术期间IE 的初始住院治疗(aOR,0.34;95% CI,0.12-0.22;P <0.001)是一个保护因素。

 

       本项研究结果表明,OPAT 可安全有效地进行 IE 的抗生素治疗,然而临床医生依然要仔细选择患者并监测已有合并症和心脏并发症的患者,然后经由多专业、多学科团队共同制定,根据患者个体风险获益分析结果确定最佳手术时机,当获益超过风险时推荐进行早期手术,以优化临床结果。

 

 

原始出处:

Oyewole Chris Durojaiye. Et al.Clinical predictors of outcome in patients with infective endocarditis receiving outpatient parenteral antibiotic therapy (OPAT). Journal of Infection.2021.

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