Nutrients:素食的好处你想象不到!每天排气增加7次,肠道微生物群更健康!

2021-09-09 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

吃起来!

众所周知,从以脂肪或碳水化合物为基础的饮食转变为以更多蔬菜为特色的饮食会导致更多的肠胃胀气,特别是如果转向十字花科蔬菜。先前有研究表明,饮食会影响肠道微生物群的代谢活动和组成。肠道产气量可以作为与腹部症状相关的间接参数来评估肠道微生物群的代谢活动。但目前很少有研究了解饮食与肠胃胀气之间的关联。

近日,发表在Nutrients杂志的一项研究显示,改用植物性饮食后所肠胃胀气增加,表明肠道微生物群更加健康

为了更多地了解改用植物性饮食对消化和肠道生物群落的影响,研究人员进行了一项交叉随机研究,共收纳了20名健康成年男性志愿者,并要求参与者的饮食方案为西式饮食,然后改为富含纤维的地中海饮食2周。同时,研究人员记录了以下结果: (a) 肛门排气次数;(b) 消化感觉;(c) 探针餐后排出的气体体积;(d) 磁共振成像的结肠内容物;(e) 通过粪便样本的鸟枪测序进行肠道微生物群分类和代谢功能;(f) 使用非靶向代谢组学的尿代谢物。

结果显示,尽管两种饮食之间的微生物群组成差异相对较小,但微生物代谢差异很大,如尿液代谢物谱和微生物代谢途径的丰度。与西式饮食,富含纤维的地中海饮食肛门排气次数更多,胀气和肠鸣音的感觉以及餐后气体体积较大。肠胃胀气发作的次数每天增加7 次,每次排出的气体增加约 50%。研究人员指出,这是由于植物材料在肠道中发酵所致。

富含纤维的地中海型饮食干预后,微生物代谢更加丰富.

 

富含纤维的地中海饮食肛门排气次数更多,胀气和肠鸣音的感觉以及餐后气体体积较大.

同时,研究人员发现,饮食的改变并没有改变志愿者每天排便的次数——但确实改变了排泄物的数量。以植物为基础的饮食使粪便的平均大小增加了1倍。研究人员指出,这是由于细菌生长和排泄量的大量增加。

总之,该研究指出以植物为基础的饮食会促进更健康的肠道细菌类型,从而改善整体肠道健康。

原始出处

Claudia Barber et al, Differential Effects of Western and Mediterranean-Type Diets on Gut Microbiota: A Metagenomics and Metabolomics Approach, Nutrients (2021). DOI: 10.3390/nu13082638

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