推翻认知,我国学者全球首次揭示酒精神经代谢机制

2021-04-01 Oranhgy MedSci原创

ALDH2催化脑中酒精生成的乙酸盐,是酒精引起脑内神经递质变化及行为学效应的主要原因。

在我国酒文化历史久远,每逢佳节饭局、亲朋聚会几乎都要喝上两杯。众所周知,饮酒后会出现行为障碍等醉酒相关行为,但时至今日尚不清楚酒精代谢的核心机制的整体情况。酒精,是一种经常被滥用的精神活性物质,在整个医疗范围内造成显著病理。不同于阿片类药物,尼古丁等其他精神活性化学物质,乙醇在大脑中不结合任何特定的目标或受体。乙醇代谢物可以产生精神活性作用,比乙醇在人体内的持续时间更长。

xianjiu

肝脏是酒精解毒的主要器官,大部分酒精先由肝脏内的乙醛脱氢酶(ALDH)代谢分解成乙醛,再由乙醛脱氢酶2型(ALDH2)代谢为乙酸,最后排除体外。代谢物通过血液从肝脏进入大脑导致运动障碍。由于脑内各种酒精代谢酶含量非常低,再加上缺乏精准特异的研究工具,大脑在酒精代谢中的作用一直被忽略。此外,人们对酒精下级代谢产物---乙酸(俗称醋酸)的作用也缺乏认识,长期以来乙酸被定为酒精的无毒无害代谢终产物。

近日,由安徽医科大学第二附属医院麻醉与围术期医学科张野教授团队、美国国立卫生研究院酒精滥用与酒精中毒研究所张黎教授团队联合发表在Nature Metabolism上的的研究,揭示了酒精引起大脑功能和行为障碍的原因,ALDH2催化脑中酒精生成的乙酸盐,是酒精引起脑内神经递质变化及行为学效应的主要原因。该研究也被当选为当期封面论文。

Brain ethanol metabolism by astrocytic ALDH2 drives the behavioural effects of ethanol intoxication. DOI: 10.1038 / s42255-021-00357-z

该研究中,研究人员首先采用定量PCR技术检测ALDH2 mRNA在不同脑区的表达情况(图1a)。在5个测试区域中,ALDH2 mRNA的表达水平在小脑中最为丰富,而在前额叶皮层(PFC)中最少。ALDH2酶活性的检测中,在三个不同的小脑亚区中显示出ALDH2酶活性的最高水平(扩展数据图1a),同样在PFC中最少。随后,研究人员利用RNAscope技术进行RNA原位杂交,在低倍率下,在小鼠小脑矢状体片的所有裂片中检测到ALDH2的强信号(图1b)。

小脑中星形细胞ALDH2的表达。Brain ethanol metabolism by astrocytic ALDH2 drives the behavioural effects of ethanol intoxication. DOI: 10.1038 / s42255-021-00357-z

一直以来由于缺乏区分中枢和外周ALDH2介导影响的方法,大脑中的酒精代谢途径对人类行为影响尚未清楚。为攻克此难题,研究人员构建了肝脏(Aldh2Hep−/−)或星形胶质细胞(Aldh2Gfap−/−)的ALDH2基因敲除小鼠模型,结果显示,在Aldh2Gfap−/−小鼠中,乙酸和GABA(一种重要的抑制性神经递质)并未增加,这也表明,乙酸和GABA均来源于星形胶质细胞中的ALDH2酶活性。

肝脏和大脑中乙醇到乙酸的代谢途径示意图. Brain ethanol metabolism by astrocytic ALDH2 drives the behavioural effects of ethanol intoxication. DOI: 10.1038 / s42255-021-00357-z

进一步分析发现,乙酸本身足以提高小鼠脑组织中的GABA水平,并通过GABAergic机制介导乙醇诱导的运动障碍,由此证明星形胶质细胞中的ALDH2与GABA合成及其信号通路之间存在联系。

同时观察到,在3份人类和11只小鼠大脑样本中,ALDH2可以在小脑星形细胞中表达。众所周知,小脑是控制平衡和运动协调的大脑区域。当从小脑星形胶质细胞中去除ALDH2时,小鼠对饮酒引起的运动障碍具有抵抗力。通常,饮酒会增加大脑中乙酸盐和GABA的含量;但是,当从星形胶质细胞中删除ALDH2时,可以防止这种升高。相反,去除肝脏中的ALDH2不会影响大脑中乙酸盐或GABA的水平。这些发现表明,大脑和肝脏中产生的乙酸影响运动功能的能力不同。

                               

整个研究结果颠覆以往认知,表明乙酸是一种与运动障碍有关的酒精代谢物。小脑中的星形胶质细胞通过ALDH2酶将乙醇代谢为乙酸,乙酸代谢物提高小脑中的GABA水平,并通过GABAergic机制诱导机体的酒后平衡和运动协调障碍。尽管科学界以往研究认为肝脏产生ALDH2,但该研究首次发现小鼠和人类大脑的星形胶质细胞中也存在ALDH2。

该文章第一作者、安徽医科大学第二附属医院麻醉与围术期医学科金世云博士分析,总体来看,ALDH2酶在肝脏和大脑中具有不同的作用。酒后90%以上酒精在肝脏中代谢,但肝脏代谢的产物,对脑内抑制性神经递质GABA产生影响不大。而脑内酒精代谢则直接引起GABA升高,从而抑制大脑功能,这也提示脑中星形胶质细胞ALDH2是酒精对大脑直接调控相关行为功能损害的主要机制。同时建议进一步研究该酶在人类中的作用。

该研究启示星形细胞ALDH2可能是治疗酒精中毒的有用靶点,可通过调控星形胶质细胞ALDH2表达,以助力解酒、戒酒,以及酒精诱发的脑损伤、退化的预防与治疗。同时,为研究醉酒行为的相关机制开辟了新方向,还可为老年痴呆(阿尔兹海默氏综合征)等神经疾病的发病机制与治疗提供参考。

事实上,研究结果对亚裔,尤其是东亚人尤为重要。2020年,日本东京大学、日本国立癌症研究所等几家日本机构的联合研究团队发表在Science Advances的研究指出,ALDH2基因突变与饮酒后面部发红有关,而且喝酒脸红的人,患胃癌的风险更大。

这项跨种族研究中,研究人员对531名胃癌患者(319名亚裔和212名非亚裔)进行了基因组测序,并根据组织样本的突变特征划分为6组,Signature 1, 3, 6, 15, 16, 17。分析发现在Signature 16组中,70%的患者携带ALDH2基因突变,其中90%以上的患者为亚洲人,而且该组患者平均酒量并不高。这也就意味着,ALDH2基因突变的患者,即使只是少量饮酒,胃癌患病风险也会显著增加。

Signature1,3,6,15,16,17组基因突变分析.Defined lifestyle and germline factors predispose Asian populations to gastric cancer. DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aav9778

而ALDH2基因在全球不同人群的分布具有显著差异。据美国国家酗酒与酒精中毒研究所与日本久里滨酒精研究中心的研究人员显示,大约三分之一的东亚人身体中缺乏ALDH2,大约40%左右的亚洲人都存在酒精代谢基因缺陷。携带一个ALDH2*2 基因的人,ALDH酶的活性只有正常的6%,而两个基因全是ALDH2*2的人,ALDH酶的活性几乎是零,就是传说中的“一杯倒”。

The Alcohol Flushing Response: An Unrecognized Risk Factor for Esophageal Cancer from Alcohol Consumption. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1000050

其中最高的是广东的汉族,高达31%,而在欧美人群中很少见。

ALDH2 * 504Lys等位基因频率的地理分布. 灰度表示等位基因分布频率,空心红色三角形表示总体样本的位置。环绕的黑线表示0.12和0.24分布频率边界。Refined Geographic Distribution of the Oriental ALDH2*504Lys(nee487Lys) Variant. doi:10.1111/j.1469-1809.2009.00517.x

综上,长期以来,大量数据早已证明喝酒有害健康。随着医学发展,饮酒后会出现行为障碍等醉酒相关行为的代谢核心机制也逐渐清晰。对于大众而言,戒酒限酒最重要。

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    2021-04-01 zy&kt

    GABA

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    这么看来,可不可以理解说,乙醇的两个关键代谢产物乙醛和乙酸均与运动障碍有关呢

    1

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  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=953190, encodeId=e928953190e4, content=GABA, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=96, replyNumber=1, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=46905128057, createdName=zy&kt, createdTime=Thu Apr 01 22:44:58 CST 2021, time=2021-04-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1000328, encodeId=d0491000328ed, content=这么看来,可不可以理解说,乙醇的两个关键代谢产物乙醛和乙酸均与运动障碍有关呢, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=67, replyNumber=1, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d3815220226, createdName=1477ab07m21暂无昵称, createdTime=Sat Jul 17 10:26:48 CST 2021, time=2021-07-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1226283, encodeId=b9e0122628334, content=好文章, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20211030/727082c36c794e7a9cc18aad6a2886d1/d8e51d61f5f74b299541d33450410b09.jpg, createdBy=26f72982264, createdName=海阔天空Sin, createdTime=Mon Jun 13 23:26:19 CST 2022, time=2022-06-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2070605, encodeId=c4b220e060557, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a13a54112f5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#我国学者#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=54112, encryptionId=a13a54112f5, topicName=我国学者)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=743b215, createdName=fusion, createdTime=Fri Jul 16 16:25:54 CST 2021, time=2021-07-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=953816, encodeId=2be5953816bb, content=携带一个ALDH2*2 基因的人,ALDH酶的活性只有正常的6%,而两个基因全是ALDH2*2的人,ALDH酶的活性几乎是零,, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=91, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=7b345459375, createdName=ms9000001304183114, createdTime=Sun Apr 04 20:56:06 CST 2021, time=2021-04-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=953174, encodeId=64ab9531e486, content=好文章, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=93, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210430/2f524898202942d3b41edddb6c10e0bc/9a523954ef734369842fd56a51d959c2.jpeg, createdBy=db722323762, createdName=xuexinchao, createdTime=Thu Apr 01 21:42:42 CST 2021, time=2021-04-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1039406, encodeId=fae81039406db, content=机制研究离临床仍然有距离,不过与临床结合思考,仍然有帮助的,不能仅仅是纯临床思维,转化思维同样重要, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=肿肿, createdTime=Thu Apr 01 19:25:54 CST 2021, time=2021-04-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=953122, encodeId=fdd595312293, content=好文章!还好我不喝酒,养生保命🤓, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=77, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200901/629d1ce7d6f64d17a642c37c90dea72c/202f9333a3ea4b23a9b07ede3364e86b.jpg, createdBy=1a335163906, createdName=Sunny orchard, createdTime=Thu Apr 01 17:30:33 CST 2021, time=2021-04-01, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-06-13 海阔天空Sin

    好文章

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=953190, encodeId=e928953190e4, content=GABA, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=96, replyNumber=1, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=46905128057, createdName=zy&kt, createdTime=Thu Apr 01 22:44:58 CST 2021, time=2021-04-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1000328, encodeId=d0491000328ed, content=这么看来,可不可以理解说,乙醇的两个关键代谢产物乙醛和乙酸均与运动障碍有关呢, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=67, replyNumber=1, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d3815220226, createdName=1477ab07m21暂无昵称, createdTime=Sat Jul 17 10:26:48 CST 2021, time=2021-07-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1226283, encodeId=b9e0122628334, content=好文章, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20211030/727082c36c794e7a9cc18aad6a2886d1/d8e51d61f5f74b299541d33450410b09.jpg, createdBy=26f72982264, createdName=海阔天空Sin, createdTime=Mon Jun 13 23:26:19 CST 2022, time=2022-06-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2070605, encodeId=c4b220e060557, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a13a54112f5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#我国学者#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=54112, encryptionId=a13a54112f5, topicName=我国学者)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=743b215, createdName=fusion, createdTime=Fri Jul 16 16:25:54 CST 2021, time=2021-07-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=953816, encodeId=2be5953816bb, content=携带一个ALDH2*2 基因的人,ALDH酶的活性只有正常的6%,而两个基因全是ALDH2*2的人,ALDH酶的活性几乎是零,, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=91, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=7b345459375, createdName=ms9000001304183114, createdTime=Sun Apr 04 20:56:06 CST 2021, time=2021-04-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=953174, encodeId=64ab9531e486, content=好文章, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=93, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210430/2f524898202942d3b41edddb6c10e0bc/9a523954ef734369842fd56a51d959c2.jpeg, createdBy=db722323762, createdName=xuexinchao, createdTime=Thu Apr 01 21:42:42 CST 2021, time=2021-04-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1039406, encodeId=fae81039406db, content=机制研究离临床仍然有距离,不过与临床结合思考,仍然有帮助的,不能仅仅是纯临床思维,转化思维同样重要, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=肿肿, createdTime=Thu Apr 01 19:25:54 CST 2021, time=2021-04-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=953122, encodeId=fdd595312293, content=好文章!还好我不喝酒,养生保命🤓, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=77, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200901/629d1ce7d6f64d17a642c37c90dea72c/202f9333a3ea4b23a9b07ede3364e86b.jpg, createdBy=1a335163906, createdName=Sunny orchard, createdTime=Thu Apr 01 17:30:33 CST 2021, time=2021-04-01, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=953190, encodeId=e928953190e4, content=GABA, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=96, replyNumber=1, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=46905128057, createdName=zy&kt, createdTime=Thu Apr 01 22:44:58 CST 2021, time=2021-04-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1000328, encodeId=d0491000328ed, content=这么看来,可不可以理解说,乙醇的两个关键代谢产物乙醛和乙酸均与运动障碍有关呢, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=67, replyNumber=1, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d3815220226, createdName=1477ab07m21暂无昵称, createdTime=Sat Jul 17 10:26:48 CST 2021, time=2021-07-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1226283, encodeId=b9e0122628334, content=好文章, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20211030/727082c36c794e7a9cc18aad6a2886d1/d8e51d61f5f74b299541d33450410b09.jpg, createdBy=26f72982264, createdName=海阔天空Sin, createdTime=Mon Jun 13 23:26:19 CST 2022, time=2022-06-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2070605, encodeId=c4b220e060557, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a13a54112f5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#我国学者#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=54112, encryptionId=a13a54112f5, topicName=我国学者)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=743b215, createdName=fusion, createdTime=Fri Jul 16 16:25:54 CST 2021, time=2021-07-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=953816, encodeId=2be5953816bb, content=携带一个ALDH2*2 基因的人,ALDH酶的活性只有正常的6%,而两个基因全是ALDH2*2的人,ALDH酶的活性几乎是零,, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=91, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=7b345459375, createdName=ms9000001304183114, createdTime=Sun Apr 04 20:56:06 CST 2021, time=2021-04-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=953174, encodeId=64ab9531e486, content=好文章, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=93, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210430/2f524898202942d3b41edddb6c10e0bc/9a523954ef734369842fd56a51d959c2.jpeg, createdBy=db722323762, createdName=xuexinchao, createdTime=Thu Apr 01 21:42:42 CST 2021, time=2021-04-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1039406, encodeId=fae81039406db, content=机制研究离临床仍然有距离,不过与临床结合思考,仍然有帮助的,不能仅仅是纯临床思维,转化思维同样重要, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=肿肿, createdTime=Thu Apr 01 19:25:54 CST 2021, time=2021-04-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=953122, encodeId=fdd595312293, content=好文章!还好我不喝酒,养生保命🤓, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=77, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200901/629d1ce7d6f64d17a642c37c90dea72c/202f9333a3ea4b23a9b07ede3364e86b.jpg, createdBy=1a335163906, createdName=Sunny orchard, createdTime=Thu Apr 01 17:30:33 CST 2021, time=2021-04-01, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-04-04 ms9000001304183114

    携带一个ALDH2*2 基因的人,ALDH酶的活性只有正常的6%,而两个基因全是ALDH2*2的人,ALDH酶的活性几乎是零,

    0

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    2021-04-01 xuexinchao

    好文章

    0

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    2021-04-01 肿肿

    机制研究离临床仍然有距离,不过与临床结合思考,仍然有帮助的,不能仅仅是纯临床思维,转化思维同样重要

    0

  8. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=953190, encodeId=e928953190e4, content=GABA, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=96, replyNumber=1, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=46905128057, createdName=zy&kt, createdTime=Thu Apr 01 22:44:58 CST 2021, time=2021-04-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1000328, encodeId=d0491000328ed, content=这么看来,可不可以理解说,乙醇的两个关键代谢产物乙醛和乙酸均与运动障碍有关呢, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=67, replyNumber=1, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d3815220226, createdName=1477ab07m21暂无昵称, createdTime=Sat Jul 17 10:26:48 CST 2021, time=2021-07-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1226283, encodeId=b9e0122628334, content=好文章, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20211030/727082c36c794e7a9cc18aad6a2886d1/d8e51d61f5f74b299541d33450410b09.jpg, createdBy=26f72982264, createdName=海阔天空Sin, createdTime=Mon Jun 13 23:26:19 CST 2022, time=2022-06-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2070605, encodeId=c4b220e060557, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a13a54112f5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#我国学者#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=54112, encryptionId=a13a54112f5, topicName=我国学者)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=743b215, createdName=fusion, createdTime=Fri Jul 16 16:25:54 CST 2021, time=2021-07-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=953816, encodeId=2be5953816bb, content=携带一个ALDH2*2 基因的人,ALDH酶的活性只有正常的6%,而两个基因全是ALDH2*2的人,ALDH酶的活性几乎是零,, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=91, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=7b345459375, createdName=ms9000001304183114, createdTime=Sun Apr 04 20:56:06 CST 2021, time=2021-04-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=953174, encodeId=64ab9531e486, content=好文章, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=93, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210430/2f524898202942d3b41edddb6c10e0bc/9a523954ef734369842fd56a51d959c2.jpeg, createdBy=db722323762, createdName=xuexinchao, createdTime=Thu Apr 01 21:42:42 CST 2021, time=2021-04-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1039406, encodeId=fae81039406db, content=机制研究离临床仍然有距离,不过与临床结合思考,仍然有帮助的,不能仅仅是纯临床思维,转化思维同样重要, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=肿肿, createdTime=Thu Apr 01 19:25:54 CST 2021, time=2021-04-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=953122, encodeId=fdd595312293, content=好文章!还好我不喝酒,养生保命🤓, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=77, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20200901/629d1ce7d6f64d17a642c37c90dea72c/202f9333a3ea4b23a9b07ede3364e86b.jpg, createdBy=1a335163906, createdName=Sunny orchard, createdTime=Thu Apr 01 17:30:33 CST 2021, time=2021-04-01, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-04-01 Sunny orchard

    好文章!还好我不喝酒,养生保命🤓

    0

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