JACC: 长期暴露于高浓度大气PM2.5,心血管疾病风险显著增加

2020-02-20 朱朱 中国循环杂志

大气细颗粒物(PM2.5)污染导致的健康危害广受关注,但是由于我国大气污染监测网络建成较晚,大气长期污染对我国人群心血管疾病发病和死亡的危害缺乏较为明确的人群证据。

大气细颗粒物(PM2.5)污染导致的健康危害广受关注,但是由于我国大气污染监测网络建成较晚,大气长期污染对我国人群心血管疾病发病和死亡的危害缺乏较为明确的人群证据。
 
日前,我国最新研究成果提示,长期暴露于高浓度大气PM2.5可显著增加我国居民心血管疾病发病和死亡风险。该研究于2月17日在线发表于《美国心脏病学会杂志》(JACC)。
 
该研究利用国际先进的卫星遥感反演技术,评价人群大气PM2.5长期暴露水平(2000年至2015年)。
 
研究人员发现,大气PM2.5年平均暴露浓度每增加10 μg/m3,心血管疾病发病和死亡风险分别增加25%和16%。
 
大气PM2.5长期暴露对急性冠脉综合征发病、急性心肌梗死死亡危害程度最大,大气PM2.5年平均暴露浓度每增加10 μg/m3,风险分别增加38%和52%。
 
研究还提示,老年人、农村居民心血管健康受到大气污染的影响较大。
 
该研究从我国15个省市纳入约12万城乡居民,大气PM2.5暴露水平涵盖了26~114 μg/m3的浓度范围,人群和污染浓度覆盖范围较广,对于全球范围内大气PM2.5污染相关心血管疾病负担的估算及相关环境和健康政策的制定提供了重要依据。


 
对于该研究成果,美国凯斯西储大学Rajagopalan教授等人发表评论称:“该研究弥补了既往大气污染与心血管疾病风险在高浓度范围的证据不足,扩展了我们对于PM2.5与心血管疾病暴露-反应关系曲线形态特征的认识”。
 
述评专家还强调,该研究具有一定的临床指导价值,提示临床医生在评估个体的心血管疾病风险时,应将大气污染暴露作为危险因素纳入考量。
 
据悉,该研究成果得到了国家重点研发计划“我国大气污染的慢性健康风险研究”、中国医学科学院医学与健康科技创新工程项目的支持。中国医学科学院阜外医院博士后梁凤超、副研究员刘芳超为共同第一作者。
 
来源:
[1]Fengchao Liang, Fangchao Liu, Keyong Huang, et al. Long-Term Exposure to Fine Particulate Matter and Cardiovascular Disease in China. J Am Coll Cardiol, 2020, 75(7): 707-717.

[2]Sanjay Rajagopalan, Sadeer Al-Kindi. Getting in Shape for the World’s Leading Environmental Risk Factor. J Am Coll Cardiol, 2020, 75(7): 718-721

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    2020-12-19 hbwxf
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