Neurology:模拟手的功能性触觉反馈有希望的一步——皮层内微刺激(ICMS)电极植入有效激发指尖感觉!

2021-12-14 Naomi MedSci原创

近日,研究者在一位不完全性脊髓损伤患者中,通过将皮层内微刺激(ICMS)电极注射到两侧躯体感觉皮层诱发指尖感觉,指尖感觉可经中央后回表面ICMS激发,这是在假手操作物体过程中提供功能性触觉反馈关键一步

      触觉的丧失是脊髓损伤(SCI)患者丧失独立性的原因之一。除了不能直接感觉到物体的物理属性之外,皮肤感觉的丧失还会损害患者操纵物体的能力,因为物体接触的信息通常在视觉上是不可用的。指尖感觉的丧失尤其不利于运动控制,因为指尖过多地参与接触事件和灵巧的物体操作。

      皮层内微刺激(ICMS)的躯体感觉皮层具有恢复触觉的潜力。事实上,ICMS已经被证明可以唤起非人灵长类动物(NHP)的触觉感觉,这些感觉可以通过改变刺激参数来系统地操纵,包括频率和强度。NHP可以使用ICMS作为运动方向指令线索,来检测和区分传递到假肢手指上的凹痕,区分虚拟物体以及区分纹理。

      在最近的两项研究中,人类受试者报告了ICMS引起的感觉,但这些感觉并不局限于指尖。一项研究报告皮肤感投射到手掌,食指根部有额外的知觉,而另一项研究报告感觉分布在手臂和手。通过皮层脑电图(ECoG)电极对人体进行刺激也会引起手感,尽管这些感觉的局部性很差,而且常常伴有手部运动。尽管有这些令人振奋的结果,但目前还不清楚指尖的局部知觉,考虑到现有的FDA批准的电极技术,这种电极技术只允许与浅层皮层接触,因此在人体体感皮层中可能会被激发。

      近日,有研究人员在一位不完全性脊髓损伤患者中,通过将ICMS注射到两侧的躯体感觉皮层来诱发指尖感觉。植入微电极阵列后,通过盲法评估ICMS诱发的感知的空间分布和检测阈值来表征它们的位置和可检测性。其结果表明,指尖知觉可以通过中央后回表面的ICMS来激发,这是在假手操作物体过程中提供功能性触觉反馈的有希望的一步。

   

      采用一种新的术中标测方法,在左侧和右侧躯体感觉皮层的手指区域植入电极阵列,并在2年的时间里对一名患有脊髓损伤的人进行ICMS治疗。

  • 刺激引起8个手指的触觉,包括指尖,横跨双手。
  • 唤起的知觉遵循预期的躯体视觉安排。
  • 在手指辨别任务中,受试者能够可靠地识别多达7个跨越双手的手指特定部位。
  • 通过手部图像的手动标记来评估,被唤起的知觉的大小平均比指垫大33%。
  • 随着刺激强度的增加,诱发知觉的大小略有增加,当脉冲幅度从20µA增加到80µA时,大小增加了21%。
  • 在一组电极上估计了检测阈值,估计为9.2-35µA,与之前的研究大致一致。

     这些结果表明,ICMS可以为有躯体感觉缺陷的个体通过神经假体在物体操作过程中提供一致的和局部的指尖感觉。

文献来源:Fifer MS, McMullen DP, Osborn LE, et al. Intracortical Somatosensory Stimulation to Elicit Fingertip Sensations in an Individual With Spinal Cord Injury [published online ahead of print, 2021 Dec 8]. Neurology. 2021;10.1212/WNL.0000000000013173. doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000013173

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    2022-03-09 yinhl1978
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    2022-01-07 bluee_kyoung

    谢谢!学习了

    0

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    2021-12-17 14775a26m11暂无昵称

    学习了

    0

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    2021-12-17 从来不是我

    谢谢老师的付出。

    0

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    2021-12-16 xsybjmu

    非常好

    0

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    2021-12-14 ms2628027333531554

    学习了

    0

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    2021-12-11 jiyangfei

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