Movement Disorder:新药Mevidalen治疗路易体痴呆,疗效如何

2022-01-17 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

Mevidalen利用一种新的作用机制,在标准护理的基础上改善与LBD相关的运动症状

路易体痴呆(Lewy body dementia),包括帕金森病痴呆(PDD)和路易体痴呆(DLB),是继阿尔茨海默病(AD)之后第二种最常见的神经变性痴呆。整个皮层下和皮层脑区的路易体内含物,主要包含错误折叠和聚集的α-突触核蛋白,是LBD的组织病理学标志。

虽然曾经被认为是两个独立的实体,但支持性的病理、临床、影像和神经化学数据的组合表明PDD和DLB属于同一大类疾病。它们有共同的神经影像学特征,有重叠的萎缩模式、葡萄糖利用和神经递质变化(皮质胆碱能障碍和纹状体/皮质多巴胺能障碍)。路易体的形成和传播伴随着进行性的神经变性,特别是影响多巴胺能和胆碱能神经元,导致PDD和DLB的运动和认知障碍的重叠。PDD和DLB都存在进行性的执行功能障碍和视觉空间异常,但在疾病过程的早期,外显记忆仍然相对完整。此外,PDD和LBD的非运动特征相似,包括快速眼动(REM)睡眠行为障碍、嗅觉减退、突出的视觉幻觉、唤醒波动和嗜睡、自主神经功能紊乱和抑郁/焦虑。

LBD是一种多方面的疾病,具有核心的运动和非运动特征,常常导致在平衡症状疗效和药物副作用的情况下使用多种药物。标准多巴胺能疗法的使用受到非运动并发症的限制,往往导致运动症状治疗不足,而利伐斯汀(rivastigmine)仍然是美国唯一批准用于治疗PDD认知障碍的药物。

Mevidalen(LY3154207)代表了一种新的机制,是多巴胺D1受体亚型(D1PAM)的选择性正性异生调节剂(PAM)。它的作用是增加D1受体的张力及其对多巴胺的亲和力,从而在多巴胺释放的时间和地点放大对多巴胺的反应。D1受体激动剂在其存在的整个过程中激活它们所能接触到的所有D1受体,并且由于高剂量时的过度刺激和耐受性发展的趋势,常常显示出钟形的剂量反应关系。

相反,Mevidalen通过增强对剩余脑多巴胺(或管理的左旋多巴)的反应,将受到正常反馈控制,过度刺激的倾向较低。梅维达伦有可能通过增强额叶多巴胺能神经递质、激活皮质神经元、增强突触可塑性和D1介导的增强乙酰胆碱释放来改善认知表现。在mevidalen的临床前和一期试验中观察到的其他潜在效果,如减少日间困倦、增强运动功能、改善情绪和目标导向行为,从而减少冷漠(通过激活皮质和纹状体的D1受体),也将有利于LBD。

藉此, Indianapolis - Eli Lilly and Company的Kevin Biglan等人,利用(PRESENCE;NCT03305809)临床试验,评估mevidalen对轻度至中度IBD(PDD或DLB)患者的安全性和疗效与安慰剂相比。主要目标是测试假设,每天服用10、30或75毫克的mevidalen治疗12周,将导致认知能力的明显改善。次要目标旨在评估mevidalen治疗对LBD的运动和非运动方面的影响。

PRESENCE是一项为期12周的2期研究,将LBD患者(N = 344)随机分配(1:1:1:1)到每日剂量的mevidalen(10、30或75毫克)或安慰剂中。

主要结果衡量标准是认知药物研究的注意力连续性(CoA)综合得分从基线的变化。次要结果包括阿尔茨海默病评估量表-认知分量表13(ADAS-cog13)、运动障碍协会-统一帕金森病评分表(MDS-UPDRS)和阿尔茨海默病合作研究-临床全局变化印象(ADCS-CGIC)。

他们发现:Mevidalen未能达到主要或次要认知终点。Mevidalen使MDS-UPDRS总分得到明显的、剂量依赖性的改善(与安慰剂相比,I-III部分之和,10毫克P<0.05,30毫克P<0.05,75毫克P<0.01)。

与安慰剂相比,30毫克和75毫克的mevidalen剂量明显改善了ADCS-CGIC的得分(最小或更好的改善:30毫克P<0.01,75毫克P<0.01;中度或更好的改善:30毫克P<0.05,75毫克P<0.001)。

血压、不良事件和心血管严重不良事件的增加在75毫克的剂量下最为明显。

该研究的重要意义在于发现了:Mevidalen利用一种新的作用机制,在标准护理的基础上改善与LBD相关的运动症状,同时改善或不加剧与传统多巴胺能疗法相关的非运动症状。


原文出处:
Biglan K, Munsie L, Svensson KA, et al. Safety and Efficacy of Mevidalen in Lewy Body Dementia: A Phase 2, Randomized, Placebo‐Controlled Trial. Mov Disord. Published online December 2, 2021:mds.28879. doi:10.1002/mds.28879

 

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  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2077675, encodeId=187c20e76759b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=67cc600242' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#disorder#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=6002, encryptionId=67cc600242, topicName=disorder)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3fc52500170, createdName=12498cbcm00(暂无昵称), createdTime=Tue Dec 13 09:07:20 CST 2022, time=2022-12-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1784488, encodeId=aa471e84488c0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a727600194' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Disord#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=6001, encryptionId=a727600194, topicName=Disord)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=aad0444, createdName=cmsvly, createdTime=Thu Oct 27 08:07:20 CST 2022, time=2022-10-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1754955, encodeId=8a361e5495573, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=bf6093140d4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#路易体#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=42, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=93140, encryptionId=bf6093140d4, topicName=路易体)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=576436807451, createdName=longerg, createdTime=Sun Sep 04 06:07:20 CST 2022, time=2022-09-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2013799, encodeId=21a62013e99f4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7d69598468' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Dis#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5984, encryptionId=7d69598468, topicName=Dis)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c689267, createdName=cmj8wellington, createdTime=Fri Feb 18 00:07:20 CST 2022, time=2022-02-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1246636, encodeId=8a231246636e9, content=老年性痴呆,未来还是希望借助神经电生理吧,也许更为有效!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=neuro.Dr, createdTime=Sat Jan 15 14:07:20 CST 2022, time=2022-01-15, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-10-27 cmsvly
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2077675, encodeId=187c20e76759b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=67cc600242' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#disorder#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=6002, encryptionId=67cc600242, topicName=disorder)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3fc52500170, createdName=12498cbcm00(暂无昵称), createdTime=Tue Dec 13 09:07:20 CST 2022, time=2022-12-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1784488, encodeId=aa471e84488c0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a727600194' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Disord#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=6001, encryptionId=a727600194, topicName=Disord)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=aad0444, createdName=cmsvly, createdTime=Thu Oct 27 08:07:20 CST 2022, time=2022-10-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1754955, encodeId=8a361e5495573, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=bf6093140d4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#路易体#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=42, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=93140, encryptionId=bf6093140d4, topicName=路易体)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=576436807451, createdName=longerg, createdTime=Sun Sep 04 06:07:20 CST 2022, time=2022-09-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2013799, encodeId=21a62013e99f4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7d69598468' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Dis#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5984, encryptionId=7d69598468, topicName=Dis)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c689267, createdName=cmj8wellington, createdTime=Fri Feb 18 00:07:20 CST 2022, time=2022-02-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1246636, encodeId=8a231246636e9, content=老年性痴呆,未来还是希望借助神经电生理吧,也许更为有效!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=neuro.Dr, createdTime=Sat Jan 15 14:07:20 CST 2022, time=2022-01-15, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-09-04 longerg
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    2022-01-15 neuro.Dr

    老年性痴呆,未来还是希望借助神经电生理吧,也许更为有效!

    0

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Annals of Neurology:减缓衰老,还降低痴呆风险!这种饮食模式或将成为研究大热门

一项来自美国的研究发现,坚持MIND饮食与痴呆症患病风险和死亡率的降低有关。作者表明,健康饮食能够减缓衰老对人体的影响,包括对大脑的影响。

警惕中老年“胖瘦子”!新研究:肌肉流失和过度肥胖或与痴呆、死亡相关

一项基于人群的前瞻性队列研究基于英国生物银行的数据,探索了肌肉减少性肥胖和肌肉减少症与痴呆风险的关系,发现肌肉减少性肥胖和肌肉减少症分别与不同程度的痴呆风险增加相关。

JAMDA:高血脂能让痴呆风险升高51%!

,Journal of the American Medical Directors Association发表一项纵向队列研究,表明确诊高脂血症的年龄越小,后续发生痴呆的风险就越高。

痴呆风险升高51%!北大&协和医学院团队研究:高血脂的人要注意

近日,Journal of the American Medical Directors Association发表一项纵向队列研究,表明确诊高脂血症的年龄越小,后续发生痴呆的风险就越高。

横跨75年研究:脑子越大,越不容易痴呆?

人类的大脑是在变大还是变小?大脑越大就越健康吗?

BMC MED:代谢综合征、血清尿酸与痴呆症风险之间的关系——一项前瞻性队列研究

本研究提供了强有力的证据,支持 MetS 及其组成部分与痴呆症风险之间的关联。

2023 国际指南:体力活动和锻炼用于轻度认知障碍和痴呆的预防和管理

国外神经内科相关专家小组(统称) · 2023-09-28

痴呆患者睡眠障碍管理的最佳证据总结

江苏医药职业学院 · 2023-03-22

痴呆诊断中PET临床合理化应用中国专家共识(2021版)

中国微循环学会神经变性病专业委员会 · 2021-11-25

痴呆诊断中 PET 临床合理化应用中国专家共识 (2021版)

中国微循环学会神经变性病专业委员会 · 2021-11-25

中药新药用于痴呆的临床研究技术指导原则(征求意见稿)

国家药品监督管理局药品审评中心(CDE) · 2019-10-31