Clin Translation Gastroenterology:吸烟,遗传易感性和大肠癌风险之间的关系

2021-03-30 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

大肠癌(CRC)是全球第三大最常见的癌症,也是第二大与癌症相关的死亡原因,每年约有180万的新发病例,同时约85万的死亡病例。

       大肠癌(CRC)是全球第三大最常见的癌症,也是第二大与癌症相关的死亡原因,每年约有180万的新发病例,同时约85万的死亡病例。与其他疾病一样,CRC的发生是生活方式和遗传因素之间复杂相互作用的结果。其中,吸烟是CRC最重要的风险因素之一,然而,尚不清楚它在何种程度上与遗传易感性相互作用,从而影响CRC风险。尽管先前的研究已经探索了吸烟与特定的单个CRC易感基因座的相互作用,但仍缺乏关于吸烟与总体遗传风险之间相关性的数据。因此,本研究的目的是(i)通过吸烟行为的类别和各种遗传风险水平评估CRC风险,以及(ii)估计通过戒烟可将遗传确定的CRC风险降低到何种程度。

 

       本项研究是德国一项基于人群的大型病例对照研究,通过全基因组关联研究(GWAS)得出了基于140个CRC相关单核苷酸多态性的多基因风险评分(PRS),以量化遗传风险。多元逻辑回归用于估计吸烟和PRS对CRC风险的个体和联合影响,并以遗传风险当量(GRE)量化吸烟效果,GRE通过定义的PRS百分位数差异进行表示。

 

 

       本项研究共纳入5086例CRC患者和4120例对照患者。当前的吸烟者比从未吸烟者患CRC的风险高48%(调整后的优势比1.48,95%的置信区间1.27–1.72)。与从未吸烟者低于10%的PRS相比,高于90%百分比的PRS分别使从不吸烟者,以往吸烟者和当前吸烟者患CRC的风险分别增加3.6倍,4.3倍和6.4倍。吸烟与PRS在CRC风险上的相互作用未达到统计学显着性(P = 0.53)。吸烟的效果等同于PRS水平提高30%(GRE 30,95%置信区间18-42)。

 

 

      本项研究证实吸烟和PRS基本上都具有增加CRC发生的风险。戒烟可以很大一部分弥补遗传学造成的CRC风险。

 

 

 

原始出处:

Chen, Xuechen. Et al. Smoking, Genetic Predisposition, and Colorectal Cancer Risk. Clinical and Translational Gastroenterology.2021.

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[GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1657422, encodeId=e7af165e422d5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3ca31e71903' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#TRA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17719, encryptionId=3ca31e71903, topicName=TRA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=757b24868428, createdName=bsmagic9140, createdTime=Mon Dec 06 07:22:23 CST 2021, time=2021-12-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2062000, encodeId=e6142062000b0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e6e1e15509f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#癌风险#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71550, encryptionId=e6e1e15509f, topicName=癌风险)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, 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target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Gastroenterol#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7853, encryptionId=94ffe853a7, topicName=Gastroenterol)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0bed488, createdName=jktdtl, createdTime=Sat Dec 18 08:22:23 CST 2021, time=2021-12-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1795905, encodeId=9c4e1e95905bb, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=42211e757d7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Translation#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17757, encryptionId=42211e757d7, topicName=Translation)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, 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target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#易感性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=59662, encryptionId=36a7596628a, topicName=易感性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f6af6344165, createdName=FukaiBao, createdTime=Thu Apr 01 14:22:23 CST 2021, time=2021-04-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1505216, encodeId=ce2b150521602, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7730e85412' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Gastroenterology#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7854, encryptionId=7730e85412, topicName=Gastroenterology)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=5fc29706655, createdName=chaojitidian, createdTime=Thu Apr 01 14:22:23 CST 2021, time=2021-04-01, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-04-17 许安
  5. 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status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  6. 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status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  7. 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  8. 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虽然目前克罗恩病的病因不明确,多认为是多因素作用的结果,但有研究显示,近50%的成人克罗恩病患者有吸烟的病史,这提示吸烟人群更容易患克罗恩病。

JAMA Netw Open:呈现香烟有害成分信息和图像可增加戒烟意愿

众所周知,吸烟对身心健康影响极大,除了引致牙渍、咳嗽、痰多或喉部不适,更会引致各种全身性疾病,尤其是肺癌等疾病造成肺部严重损害。

即使是低强度吸烟,也增加死亡风险!

在这项针对墨西哥成年人的大型研究中,一半的男性和四分之一的女性吸烟,但平均香烟消费量很低,非日常吸烟很常见。但值得注意的是,即使每天吸几支烟也与死亡率增加有关。戒烟可以避免大部分长期吸烟带来的超额死亡

JAMA Netw Open:戒烟药物对不同种族疗效差异评估

众所周知,吸烟有害健康。据数据显示,全球每年因吸烟致死的人数高达500多万,而我国每年约有200多万人死于吸烟相关疾病。目前,尼古丁与可卡因等毒品,被视为最难戒除的毒瘾之一。

World Allergy Organ J:过敏性鼻炎中主动吸烟的影响

烟草烟雾能够导致鼻炎症状患病率增加和过敏性鼻炎减少。此外,过敏性鼻炎(AR)吸烟者的这些鼻部症状和生活质量与非吸烟者相比没有显著差异。由于这种双重性,最近有研究人员进行了有AR的主动吸烟者和非吸烟者的

Biological Psychiatry:是否吸烟和吸烟状态对内在功能连接的影响

与非吸烟者相比,吸烟者额顶和显著网络中的功能连接降低,与吸烟状态对默认模式连通性影响一样。此外,ICD分析发现,在很大程度上依赖于吸烟状态的皮质下-小脑和皮质-小脑网络存在新的组间差异。