BMJ:大麻药房零售合法化或可降低美国阿片类药物相关死亡风险

2021-02-01 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

美国药房大麻销售合法化与阿片类药物相关死亡率降低有关,特别是对芬太尼等合成阿片类药物相关死亡风险的影响最为显著

在美国阿片滥用和药物过量导致的死亡是严重的公共卫生问题,统计发现,1999年以后,美国阿片相关死亡率一直呈现上升趋势,至2018年阿片滥用相关死亡占美国药物过量死亡总数的三分之二以上。有研究认为,改变阿片类市场的整体供应面有助于缓解阿片危机。 在美国,越来越多的州将大麻的生产、使用或销售合法化,尽管美国政府继续将拥有大麻视为犯罪。2008年,美国13个州将医用大麻的使用或销售合法化,而截至2018年底,33个州将医用大麻合法化,10个州将休闲大麻使用合法化。近日研究人员考察了美国药房大麻销售与阿片相关死亡率之间的关系。
 
研究人员考察了截至2017年底, 23个大麻药房零售合法州的812个县级药房运营数据,综合疾病控制和预防中心的人口死亡率数据,美国人口普查数据和Weedmaps.com药房运营的数据分析大麻零售与阿片相关死亡风险的关系。
 
研究发现,总体上,年龄调整后,县级阿片零售药房数与所有阿片类药物相关死亡率,经对数转化后呈负相关(β=-0.17),即在县一级,合法的大麻零售药房数从1个增加到2个时,与阿片类药物有关的死亡率估计可降低17%。特别发现,药房数量与美沙酮以外的合成阿片类药物(如芬太尼)引起的死亡风险呈极强的负相关(β=-0.21),若药房数量从1个增加到2个,美沙酮以外的合成阿片类药物的死亡率可降低21%。
 
研究认为,美国药房大麻销售合法化与阿片类药物相关死亡率降低有关,特别是对芬太尼等合成阿片类药物相关死亡风险的影响最为显著
 
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    2022-01-13 gaoxiaoe
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    2021-07-10 sunmin0227
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    2021-02-03 kcb069
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