Radiology:MRI对全膝关节置换术假体松动的诊断价值

2022-08-13 shaosai MedSci原创

已有研究表明,去金属伪影MRI序列对评估TKA的假体周围软组织和组件-骨界面的骨溶解十分有价值。

众所周知组件的骨整合失败或组件界面上的骨吸收而引起的组件松动是全膝关节置换术(TKA)后疼痛的一个常见来源和再次手术的主要原因。在文献中,关于影像诊断TKA组件松动的信息很少。

已有研究表明金属伪影MRI序列对评估TKA的假体周围软组织和件-骨界面的骨溶解十分有价值。由于松动的发生是由于整合不良或界面上的骨吸收,因此在MRI上评估组件-骨界面有助于临床诊断组件的松动,但就我们所知,还没有研究对此问题进行评估

近日,发表Radiology杂志的一项研究在MRI上评估了假体组件界面和诊断TKA组件松动的阅读者之间的可重复性,进一步评估了MRI在诊断TKA后松动方面的表现,并与传统的影像学进行了比较,为临床准确评估假体松动并制定最佳的治疗方案提供了参考依据。

本研究对在2018年7月至2019年6月期间接受翻修的TKA患者的连续膝关节进行了评估每位患者均接受了MRI和x线成像。评估了界面类型(正常、纤维膜、液体或溶骨)、整合百分比(<33%,33%-66%,或>66%)以及骨髓水肿模式的存在。如果没有或几乎没有正常界面出现,则在MRI上诊断为松动。通过使用手术结果作为参考,将敏感度和特异性与X光片进行了比较。使用Gwet协议系数评估了两个阅读者之间的重现性,使用过多变量逻辑回归评估了松动的风险因素。

在114名患者的116个膝关节中(平均年龄,63岁±10[SD];59名女性),116个膝关节中的61个(52.6%)至少有一个松动部件。MRI阅读者之间的可重复性较高(Gwet协议系数,0.67-0.96)。松动与液体界面(几率[OR],20.1;95%CI:5.7,70.9)或溶骨(OR,3.1;95%CI:1.8,5.3)有关,没有任何正常界面(OR,11。 8;95%CI:6.3,22.2)、骨整合不良(<33%)(OR,20.4;95%CI:9.7,42.6)和骨髓水肿模式(OR,4.7;95%CI:2.8,7.8)。MRI对松动的敏感性和特异性对髌骨来说分别是84%(32个中的27个;95%CI:72,97)和85%(84个中的71个;95%CI:77,92),对股骨来说是31%(26个中的8个;95%CI:13,49)和100%(90个中的90;95%CI:100,100),对胫骨来说是81%(27个中的22个;95%CI:66,96)和98%(89中的87;95%CI:95,100)。与x线相比MRI对髌骨组件松动的敏感性较高(84% vs 31%;P < .001),但特异性(85% vs 96%;P = .003),而对股骨或胫骨来说,没有发现显著的统计差异(股骨:敏感性和特异性,MRI vs x线。31% vs 46% [P = .20]和100% vs 99% [P > .99]。胫骨:敏感性和特异性,MRI vs  x线:81% vs 70% [P= .16]和98% vs 97% [P = .32])。


 (A)66岁的女性,矢状加权快速自旋回波MRI扫描(重复时间毫秒/回波时间毫秒,4156/29),膝关节外侧显示股骨组件的前部和后部广泛的骨溶解(白色箭头)。由于股骨组件是氧化锆,所以股骨组件周围几乎没有磁敏感伪影(黄色箭头)。(B) 同一膝关节周围的冠状非快速自旋回波MRI扫描(4313/27)显示了股骨组件的骨溶解病灶(箭头)和胫骨组件附近的病灶(箭头)。股骨组件被解释为松动,而胫骨组件被解释为不松动;两者都被手术证实。(C) 侧位片显示沿股骨组件前方有广泛的骨质吸收(箭头),这被解释为松动,而胫骨和髌骨组件被解释为不松动

本研究表明,在MRI上评估全膝关节置换术(TKA)的组件-骨界面的重复性较高,沿界面的骨质整合不良和骨髓水肿模式是评估松动的有价值征象。与x线相比,MRI对髌骨组件松动的敏感性更高,再加上其出色的软组织评估能力使其成为评估TKA的理想成像方式。

原文出处:

Yoshimi Endo,Alissa J Burge,Matthew F Koff,et al.Diagnostic Performance of MRI for Component Loosening in Total Knee Arthroplasty Compared with Radiography.DOI:10.1148/radiol.204458

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